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      Screening and Histopathological Characterization of Korean Carrot Lines for Resistance to the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita

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          Abstract

          In total, 170 carrot lines developed in Korea were screened for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 1 to select parental genetic resources useful for the development of nematode-resistant carrot cultivars. Using the gall index (GI), gall formation was examined on carrot roots inoculated with approximately 1,000 second-stage juveniles of the nematode 7 weeks after inoculation. Sixty-one carrot lines were resistant (GI ≤ 1.0), while the other 109 were susceptible (GI > 1.0) with coefficient of variance (CV) of GI for total carrot lines 0.68, indicating low-variation of GI within the lines examined. The histopathological responses of two carrot plants from resistant and susceptible lines were examined after nematode infection. In susceptible carrots, giant cells formed with no discernible necrosis around the infecting nematodes. In the resistant carrot line, however, no giant cells formed, although modified cells were observed with extensive formation of necrotic layers through their middle lamella and around the infecting nematodes. This suggested that these structural modifications were related to hypersensitive responses governed by the expression of true resistance genes. Therefore, the Korean carrot lines resistant to the nematode infection are potential genetic resources for the development of quality carrot cultivars resistant to M. incognita race 1.

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          Most cited references64

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          A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy.

          A R Spurr (1969)
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            SELECTION PRESSURES AND PLANT PATHOGENS

            K. Leonard (1977)
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              Climate change: potential impact on plant diseases.

              Global climate has changed since pre-industrial times. Atmospheric CO(2), a major greenhouse gas, has increased by nearly 30% and temperature has risen by 0.3 to 0.6 degrees C. The intergovernmental panel on climate change predicts that with the current emission scenario, global mean temperature would rise between 0.9 and 3.5 degrees C by the year 2100. There are, however, many uncertainties that influence these predictions. Despite the significance of weather on plant diseases, comprehensive analysis of how climate change will influence plant diseases that impact primary production in agricultural systems is presently unavailable. Evaluation of the limited literature in this area suggests that the most likely impact of climate change will be felt in three areas: in losses from plant diseases, in the efficacy of disease management strategies and in the geographical distribution of plant diseases. Climate change could have positive, negative or no impact on individual plant diseases. More research is needed to obtain base-line information on different disease systems. Most plant disease models use different climatic variables and operate at a different spatial and temporal scale than do the global climate models. Improvements in methodology are necessary to realistically assess disease impacts at a global scale.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Plant Pathol J
                Plant Pathol. J
                PPJ
                The Plant Pathology Journal
                Korean Society of Plant Pathology
                1598-2254
                2093-9280
                March 2014
                : 30
                : 1
                : 75-81
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Deaprtment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
                [2 ]KC Carrot Breeding Institute Co., Ltd., Daegu 706-850, Korea
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Phone) +82-2-880-4675, FAX) +82-2-873-2317, E-mail) yhokim@ 123456snu.ac.kr
                Article
                ppj-30-75
                10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2013.0082
                4174838
                25288988
                7a374859-39cb-4633-8951-880f9df0093b
                © The Korean Society of Plant Pathology

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 27 August 2013
                : 16 November 2013
                : 18 November 2013
                Categories
                Research Article

                breeding,gall formation,giant cell,necrotic layer,true resistance

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