15
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The nocebo effect of drugs

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          While the placebo effect has been studied for a long time, much less is known about its negative counterpart, named the nocebo effect. However, it may be of particular importance because of its impact on the treatment outcomes and public health. We conducted a review on the nocebo effect using PubMed and other databases up to July 2014. The nocebo effect refers by definition to the induction or the worsening of symptoms induced by sham or active therapies. Examples are numerous and concerns both clinical trials and daily practice. The underlying mechanisms are, on one hand, psychological (conditioning and negative expectations) and, on the other hand, neurobiological (role of cholecystokinin, endogenous opioids and dopamine). Nocebo effects can modulate the outcome of a given therapy in a negative way, as do placebo effects in a positive way. The verbal and nonverbal communications of physicians contain numerous unintentional negative suggestions that may trigger a nocebo response. This raises the important issue of how physicians can at the same time obtain informed consent and minimize nocebo‐related risks. Every physician has to deal with this apparent contradiction between primum non nocere and to deliver truthful information about risks. Meticulous identification of patients at risk, information techniques such as positive framing, contextualized informed consent, and even noninformation, is valuable.

          Related collections

          Most cited references94

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          The beliefs about medicines questionnaire: The development and evaluation of a new method for assessing the cognitive representation of medication

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            The Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R)

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Dispositional optimism and coping: a meta-analytic review.

              The relation between dispositional optimism and better adjustment to diverse stressors may be attributable to optimism's effects on coping strategies. A meta-analytic review (K = 50, N = 11,629) examined the impact of dispositional optimism on coping. Dispositional optimism was found to be positively associated with approach coping strategies aiming to eliminate, reduce, or manage stressors or emotions (r = .17), and negatively associated with avoidance coping strategies seeking to ignore, avoid, or withdraw from stressors or emotions (r = -.21). Effect sizes were larger for the distinction between approach and avoidance coping strategies than for that between problem and emotion-focused coping. Meta-analytic findings also indicate that optimists may adjust their coping strategies to meet the demands of the stressors at hand, and that the optimism-coping relationship is strongest in English-speaking samples.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pharmacol Res Perspect
                Pharmacol Res Perspect
                10.1002/(ISSN)2052-1707
                PRP2
                Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2052-1707
                17 March 2016
                April 2016
                : 4
                : 2 ( doiID: 10.1111/prp2.2016.4.issue-2 )
                : e00208
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Centre Régional de PharmacovigilanceGrenoble University Hospital GrenobleFrance
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Sara Planès, Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Grenoble University Hospital, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. Tel: +0033686280375; Fax: +0033477443693; E‐mail: planes.sara@ 123456gmail.com

                Article
                PRP2208
                10.1002/prp2.208
                4804316
                27069627
                7a661f8f-3dc6-482b-87fc-7bf40ca9f76b
                © 2016 The Authors. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                : 06 May 2015
                : 09 November 2015
                : 20 November 2015
                Page count
                Pages: 13
                Categories
                Original Article
                Original Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                prp2208
                April 2016
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:4.8.6 mode:remove_FC converted:12.04.2016

                anxiety,cholecystokinin,hyperalgesia,nocebo effect,placebo effect

                Comments

                Comment on this article