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      Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Abdominal Adipose Tissue Deposition :

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          Abstract

          <div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S1"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d14465777e144">Purpose</h5> <p id="P1">We examined whether sedentary lifestyle habits and physical activity level are associated with abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and liver attenuation, independently of each other and potential confounders. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S2"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d14465777e149">Methods</h5> <p id="P2">Analysis of 3,010 African American and Caucasian men and women, aged 42–59 years, from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who completed multiple-slice abdominal computed tomography (CT) in 2010–2011. Participants reported average hours per day sitting (television, computing, paperwork, music, telephone, car). Physical activity was assessed with the CARDIA Physical Activity History. VAT, SAT, IMAT, and liver attenuation were estimated from CT. Multivariable general linear regression models regressed means of fat depots on total sedentary time, task-specific sedentary time, and total physical activity. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S3"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d14465777e154">Results</h5> <p id="P3">Television-viewing was positively, and physical activity inversely, associated with fat depots. For each 1 SD increment in television-viewing (1.5 hours/day), VAT, SAT, and IMAT were greater by 3.5 cm <sup>3</sup>, 3.4 cm <sup>3</sup>, and 3.9 cm <sup>3</sup>, respectively (p&lt;0.03 for all). For each 1 SD increment in physical activity (275 exercise units), VAT, SAT, and IMAT were lower by 7.6 cm <sup>3</sup>, 6.7 cm <sup>3</sup>, and 8.1 cm <sup>3</sup>, respectively, and liver attenuation was greater (indicating more liver fat) by 0.5 Hounsfield Units (p&lt;0.01 for all). Total sedentary time was associated with VAT, IMAT, and liver attenuation in White men only after controlling for physical activity, SAT, and other potential confounders (p≤0.01 for all). No other task-specific sedentary behaviors were associated with fat depots. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S4"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d14465777e178">Conclusions</h5> <p id="P4">Sedentary behaviors, particularly television viewing, and physical activity levels have distinct, independent associations with fat deposition. </p> </div>

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          Most cited references25

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          Objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity, and metabolic risk: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab).

          We examined the associations of objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity with continuous indexes of metabolic risk in Australian adults without known diabetes. An accelerometer was used to derive the percentage of monitoring time spent sedentary and in light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity, as well as mean activity intensity, in 169 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) participants (mean age 53.4 years). Associations with waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, resting blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and a clustered metabolic risk score were examined. Independent of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity, there were significant associations of sedentary time, light-intensity time, and mean activity intensity with waist circumference and clustered metabolic risk. Independent of waist circumference, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity time was significantly beneficially associated with triglycerides. These findings highlight the importance of decreasing sedentary time, as well as increasing time spent in physical activity, for metabolic health.
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            Association between visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots and incident cardiovascular disease risk factors.

            Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) vary in volume and quality. We evaluated whether fat volume or attenuation (indirect measure of quality) predicts metabolic risk factor changes.
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              Television time and continuous metabolic risk in physically active adults.

              Among Australian adults who met the public health guideline for the minimum health-enhancing levels of physical activity, we examined the dose-response associations of television-viewing time with continuous metabolic risk variables. Data were analyzed on 2031 men and 2033 women aged > or = 25 yr from the 1999-2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study without clinically diagnosed diabetes or heart disease, who reported at least 2.5 h.wk of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity. Waist circumference, resting blood pressure, and fasting and 2-h plasma glucose, triglycerides, and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. The cross-sectional associations of these metabolic variables with quartiles and hours per day of self-reported television-viewing time were examined separately for men and for women. Analyses were adjusted for age, education, income, smoking, diet quality, alcohol intake, parental history of diabetes, and total physical activity time, as well as menopausal status and current use of postmenopausal hormones for women. Significant, detrimental dose-response associations of television-viewing time were observed with waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and 2-h plasma glucose in men and women, and with fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, and HDL-C in women. The associations were stronger in women than in men, with significant gender interactions observed for triglycerides and HDL-C. Though waist circumference attenuated the associations, they remained statistically significant for 2-h plasma glucose in men and women, and for triglycerides and HDL-C in women. In a population of healthy Australian adults who met the public health guideline for physical activity, television-viewing time was positively associated with a number of metabolic risk variables. These findings support the case for a concurrent sedentary behavior and health guideline for adults, which is in addition to the public health guideline on physical activity.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
                Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
                Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
                0195-9131
                2017
                March 2017
                : 49
                : 3
                : 450-458
                Article
                10.1249/MSS.0000000000001112
                5315590
                27749387
                7b21da20-2d3d-4a30-9206-5c48cbd9d2b1
                © 2017
                History

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