Indumento, nectarios extraflorales y anatomía foliar en Bignoniáceas de la Argentina

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Abstract

La presente contribución comprende el estudio comparativo de la anatomía foliar de 50 especies de Bignoniaceae que crecen en Argentina. El objetivo es analizar las variaciones anatómicas a fn de contribuir en la identifcación de las especies y evaluar los caracteres en la taxonomía de la familia. Las hojas fueron estudiadas en vista superfcial y en cortes seriados, transversales y paradermales, por medio de microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido. Entre las características que se destacan por su valor diagnóstico se describen: posición y estructura anatómica de los nectarios extraforales, complemento tricomático, número de capas de la epidermis, tipo de mesóflo y la composición del margen de la hoja. Estas características, solas o en combinación pueden ser útiles en la identifcación de especies. Los resultados proporcionan un juego completo de caracteres foliares típicos de la familia.

Translated abstract

Indument, extraforal nectaries and foliar anatomy in Bignoniaceae from Argentine. A comparative anatomical study was undertaken on the leaves of 50 Argentinean Bignoniaceae species in order to investigate anatomical variations which may be useful in species identifcation and to evaluate their signifcance in the taxonomy of the family. Leaves were analyzed on surface view and in serial sections, cross and paradermal, using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Among the features that stand out for their diagnostic value are: position and anatomical structure of the extraforal nectaries, trichome complement, number of layers of epidermis, mesophyll type and composition of leaf margin. These characteristic, alone or in combination may be useful in species identifcation. The results provide a comprehensive leaf anatomical character-set typical for the family.

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A Glossary of Plant Hair Terminology

Willard Payne (1978)

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Untangling the phylogeny of neotropical lianas (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae).

G Lohmann (2006)

The tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) is a large and morphologically diverse clade of neotropical lianas. Despite being a conspicuous component of the neotropical flora, the systematics of the tribe has remained uncertain due to confusing patterns of morphological variation within the group. Chloroplast (ndhF) and nuclear (PepC) DNA sequences were used here to reconstruct the phylogeny of Bignonieae. Individual analyses of ndhF and PepC were highly similar to one another, yet localized differences in the placement of six species suggests some conflict between data sets. Combined analyses result in trees that are consistent with those from the individual analyses and provide greater support for the suggested relationships. This phylogeny provides important new insights into the systematics of the tribe. It identifies 21 strongly supported species groups, eight of which broadly correspond to currently recognized genera. In addition, each of these 21 species groups is supported by morphological synapomorphies. The consistency between morphological and molecular data suggests that the current phylogeny provides a solid framework for a formal revision of the generic-level classification and for addressing other aspects of the biology of Bignonieae.