We identified the 37kDa/67kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) as a cell surface receptor for the cellular prion protein (PrP(c)) and the infectious prion protein (PrP(Sc)). Recently, we showed that anti-LRP/LR antibody W3 cured scrapie infected N2a cells. Here, we demonstrate that W3 delivered by passive immunotransfer into C57BL/6 mice reduced the PrP(Sc) content in the spleen significantly by 66%, demonstrating an impairment of the peripheral PrP(Sc) propagation. In addition, we observed a 1.8-fold increase in survival of anti-LRP/LR antibody W3 treated mice (mean survival of 31 days) compared to preimmune serum treated control animals (mean survival of 17 days). We conclude that the significant effect of anti-LRP/LR antibody W3 on the reduction of peripheral PrP(Sc) propagation might be due to the blockage of the prion receptor LRP/LR which is required, as previously shown in vitro, for PrP(Sc) propagation in vivo.