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      Práctica regular de ejercicio físico como freno para la progresión de la enfermedad de Alzheimer Translated title: The regular practice of exercise as brake to stop progression of Alzheimer's disease

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias sobre la eficacia de la práctica regular de ejercicio físico para retrasar la progresión de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Metodología: Revisión narrativa a través de la búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos como la Biblioteca Virtual Cochrane, PubMed, CINHAL, CUIDEN Y LILACS. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión para perfeccionar la búsqueda y la selección de los artículos. Resultados: Se analizaron 20 artículos que destacaban que una terapia basada en ejercicio físico afecta positivamente a distintos aspectos de la vida del paciente, ya sea a nivel físico, mental o social. Se han comprobado los efectos beneficiosos que tiene la práctica de ejercicio aeróbico combinado con ejercicios de fuerza, equilibrio y movilidad, en la cognición global del paciente y síntomas psíquicos, en su habilidad para desempeñar las actividades cotidianas y en disminuir la carga del cuidador, todo ello relacionado a su vez con respetar las sesiones programadas estimulando la motivación de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Dada la alta incidencia de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, sería conveniente concienciar a los profesionales de la salud, en especial a las enfermeras, para introducir la práctica del ejercicio físico en el cuidado de estos pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze evidence about the efficacy of regular physical exercise to slower decline in Alzheimer's disease. Method: Narrative review by a bibliographic research in different databases like Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINHAL, CUIDEN and LILACS. It applies inclusion and exclusion standards to improve the research and selection of articles. Results: 20 articles were selected for its analysis; they conclude a therapy based in physical exercise affects positively different areas of patient's life, in physical, mental and social levels. It has proved the beneficial effects that exercise has. Aerobic exercise, strength, balance and mobility exercises have an impact on global cognition, psychical symptoms; ability to perform activities in daily basis activities and to decrease care burden. Everything is related to respect programmed sessions to stimulate the patient`s motivation. Conclusion: Due to high influence of Alzheimer's disease, it would be advisable to raise awareness within the health professionals, especially nurses, in order to implement an exercise program for these patients.

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          Moderate-to-High Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

          Studies of physical exercise in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are few and results have been inconsistent.
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            Aerobic exercise for Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled pilot trial

            Background There is increasing interest in the role of physical exercise as a therapeutic strategy for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We assessed the effect of 26 weeks (6 months) of a supervised aerobic exercise program on memory, executive function, functional ability and depression in early AD. Methods and findings This study was a 26-week randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise vs. non-aerobic stretching and toning control intervention in individuals with early AD. A total of 76 well-characterized older adults with probable AD (mean age 72.9 [7.7]) were enrolled and 68 participants completed the study. Exercise was conducted with supervision and monitoring by trained exercise specialists. Neuropsychological tests and surveys were conducted at baseline,13, and 26 weeks to assess memory and executive function composite scores, functional ability (Disability Assessment for Dementia), and depressive symptoms (Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia). Cardiorespiratory fitness testing and brain MRI was performed at baseline and 26 weeks. Aerobic exercise was associated with a modest gain in functional ability (Disability Assessment for Dementia) compared to individuals in the ST group (X2 = 8.2, p = 0.02). There was no clear effect of intervention on other primary outcome measures of Memory, Executive Function, or depressive symptoms. However, secondary analyses revealed that change in cardiorespiratory fitness was positively correlated with change in memory performance and bilateral hippocampal volume. Conclusions Aerobic exercise in early AD is associated with benefits in functional ability. Exercise-related gains in cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with improved memory performance and reduced hippocampal atrophy, suggesting cardiorespiratory fitness gains may be important in driving brain benefits. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01128361
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              The Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) study—resistance training and/or cognitive training in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized, double-blind, double-sham controlled trial.

              Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) increases dementia risk with no pharmacologic treatment available.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                geroko
                Gerokomos
                Gerokomos
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1134-928X
                2020
                : 31
                : 1
                : 26-31
                Affiliations
                [2] Madrid orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                [1] orgnameHospital Universitario La Paz España
                Article
                S1134-928X2020000100026 S1134-928X(20)03100100026
                7c208b0b-7b98-4bb2-a9a9-cc33dc38c7ea

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 October 2018
                : 11 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Revisión

                Ejercicio físico,enfermedad de Alzheimer,enfermería,resultado del tratamiento,prevención,Exercise,Alzheimer disease,nursing,treatment outcome,prevention

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