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      Health Effects of Asian Dust: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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          Abstract

          Background:

          Potential adverse health effects of Asian dust exposure have been reported, but systematic reviews and quantitative syntheses are lacking.

          Objective:

          We reviewed epidemiologic studies that assessed the risk of mortality, hospital admissions, and symptoms/dysfunction associated with exposure to Asian dust.

          Methods:

          We performed a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science to identify studies that reported the association between Asian dust exposure and human health outcomes. We conducted separate meta-analyses using a random-effects model for mortality and hospital admissions for a specific health outcome and assessed pooled estimates for each lag when at least three studies were available for a specific lag.

          Results:

          We identified 89 studies that met our inclusion criteria for the systematic review, and 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimates (percentage changes) of mortality from circulatory and respiratory causes for Asian dust days vs. non-Asian dust days were 2.33% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76, 3.93] increase at lag 0 and 3.99% (95% CI: 0.08, 8.06) increase at lag 3, respectively. The increased risk for hospital admissions for respiratory disease, asthma, and pneumonia peaked at lag 3 by 8.85% (95% CI: 0.80, 17.55), 14.55% (95% CI: 6.74, 22.94), and 8.51% (95% CI: 2.89, 14.44), respectively. Seven of 12 studies reported reduced peak expiratory flow, and 16 of 21 studies reported increased respiratory symptoms associated with Asian dust exposure. There were substantial variations between the studies in definitions of Asian dust, study designs, model specifications, and confounder controls.

          Discussion:

          We found evidence of increased mortality and hospital admissions for circulatory and respiratory events. However, the number of studies included in the meta-analysis was not large and further evidences are merited to strengthen our conclusions. Standardized protocols for epidemiological studies would facilitate interstudy comparisons. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5312

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          Most cited references121

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          Role of mineral aerosol as a reactive surface in the global troposphere

          Yang Zhang, Frank Dentener, Gregory R. Carmichael … (1996)
          Article 0 comments Cited 247 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Case-crossover analyses of air pollution exposure data: referent selection strategies and their implications for bias.

            Holly Janes, Lianne Sheppard, Thomas Lumley (2005)
            The case-crossover design has been widely used to study the association between short-term air pollution exposure and the risk of an acute adverse health event. The design uses cases only; for each individual case, exposure just before the event is compared with exposure at other control (or "referent") times. Time-invariant confounders are controlled by making within-subject comparisons. Even more important in the air pollution setting is that time-varying confounders can also be controlled by design by matching referents to the index time. The referent selection strategy is important for reasons in addition to control of confounding. The case-crossover design makes the implicit assumption that there is no trend in exposure across the referent times. In addition, the statistical method that is used-conditional logistic regression-is unbiased only with certain referent strategies. We review here the case-crossover literature in the air pollution context, focusing on key issues regarding referent selection. We conclude with a set of recommendations for choosing a referent strategy with air pollution exposure data. Specifically, we advocate the time-stratified approach to referent selection because it ensures unbiased conditional logistic regression estimates, avoids bias resulting from time trend in the exposure series, and can be tailored to match on specific time-varying confounders.
            Article 0 comments Cited 188 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Desert dust exposure is associated with increased risk of asthma hospitalization in children.

              Kumiko T Kanatani, Isao Ito, Wael K Al-Delaimy … (2010)
              Desert dust particles, including quartz, which causes inflammatory responses in the airway in animal studies, are transported to widespread regions around the globe. Epidemiologically, areas impacted by desert dust storms, such as communities in the Middle East and the Caribbean, seem to have higher incidences of asthma than might be expected. We investigated the magnitude of association between airborne mineral dust concentration and hospitalization of children for asthma exacerbation by using Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) with a polarization analyzer for an exposure measurement, which can distinguish mineral dust particles from other particles. A case-crossover design was used. The exposure measurement was LIDAR's nonspherical extinction coefficient. The outcome measurement was hospitalization of children aged 1 to 15 years for asthma exacerbation in eight principal hospitals in Toyama, a local area in Japan bordering the Japan Sea, during February to April, 2005 to 2009. During the study period, there were 620 admissions for asthma exacerbation, and 6 days with a heavy dust event (daily mineral dust concentration > 0.1 mg/m(3)). Conditional logistic regression showed a statistically significant association between asthma hospitalization and a heavy dust event. The crude odds ratio (OR) of the heavy dust event for hospitalization on the day was 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-3.41; P = 0.037), and the OR of heavy dust event during the previous week was 1.83 (95% CI, 1.31-2.56; P = 0.00043). The OR adjusted by other air pollutant levels, pollen, and meteorological factors was 1.71 (95% CI, 1.18-2.48; P = 0.0050). Heavy dust events are associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations for asthma.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Environ Health Perspect
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Environ. Health Perspect
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EHP
                Title: Environmental Health Perspectives
                Publisher: Environmental Health Perspectives
                ISSN (Print): 0091-6765
                ISSN (Electronic): 1552-9924
                Publication date (Electronic): 26 June 2020
                Publication date Collection: June 2020
                Volume: 128
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: 066001
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ]Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
                [ 2 ]School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University , Nagasaki, Japan
                [ 3 ]Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University , Nagasaki, Japan
                [ 4 ]Department of Global Environmental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
                [ 5 ]Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon, South Korea
                [ 6 ]School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut, USA
                [ 7 ]Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
                [ 8 ]Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
                [ 9 ]Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
                [ 10 ]Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
                [ 11 ]Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University , Tokyo, Japan
                Author notes
                Address correspondence to M. Hashizume, Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan. Telephone: (81) 3 5841 3397. Email: hashizume@ 123456m.u-tokyo.ac.jp
                Article
                Publisher ID: EHP5312
                DOI: 10.1289/EHP5312
                PMC ID: 7319773
                PubMed ID: 32589456
                SO-VID: 7c3880dc-ecbd-4753-9800-dca072ff7b1e
                License:

                EHP is an open-access journal published with support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. All content is public domain unless otherwise noted.

                History
                Date received : 12 March 2019
                Date revision received : 26 May 2020
                Date accepted : 03 June 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health

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