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      First Report of Arthroderma benhamiae in Switzerland

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          Abstract

          Background: Dermatophytes are usually identified on the basis of macroscopic characteristics and microscopic examination of the cultures. Identification of dermatophytes often remains difficult or uncertain because there are variations from one isolate to another and overlapping characteristics between species. Objective: To identify dermatophyte species producing numerous microconidia and resembling Trichophyton mentagrophytes by DNA sequence analysis. Methods: The complete ITS1 + 5.6s + ITS2 rDNA region of various dermatophytes isolated in culture was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Results: Nine isolates of a fast-growing dermatophyte species were identified as Arthroderma benhamiae by DNA sequencing. Retrospective investigations revealed that the isolates were from 8 children and 1 adult suffering from inflammatory dermatophytosis. Eight of the 9 patients had had previous contact with rodents, mostly guinea pigs. Conclusion: It is the first time that A. benhamiae is reported in Switzerland. In cases of dermatophytosis attributed to A. benhamiae, a rodent is the most likely cause of infection.

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          Molecular taxonomy of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. tonsurans.

          Y. Gräser, A Kuijpers, W Presber … (1999)
          Most members of the anamorph genus Trichophyton are anthropophilic and have evolved with the human host. Classical parameters for the identification of dermatophytes include clinical features, cultural characteristics, conidial morphology and physiological test results. Phenotypic variability and pleomorphism due to culturing on artificial media is common among this group of organisms and has led to the description of numerous species. The validity of taxa around T. mentagrophytes and T. tonsurans was verified. Morphological and physiological features were compared to results of three different molecular techniques (sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal operon, PCR fingerprinting and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis). Twenty-four species or varieties investigated could be reduced to five taxa and were reclassified or synonymized as Trichophyton tonsurans, T. interdigitale, T. mentagrophytes, T. simii and T. erinacei.
          Article 0 comments Cited 22 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Identification of dermatophyte species by 28S ribosomal DNA sequencing with a commercial kit.

            Olivier Jousson, Barbara Léchenne, I-Shiow Jan … (2003)
            We have shown that dermatophyte species can be easily identified on the basis of a DNA sequence encoding a part of the large-subunit (LSU) rRNA (28S rRNA) by using the MicroSeq D2 LSU rRNA Fungal Sequencing Kit. Two taxa causing distinct dermatophytoses were clearly distinguished among isolates of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex.
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              Phylogeny and taxonomy of the family Arthrodermataceae (dermatophytes) using sequence analysis of the ribosomal ITS region.

              Y. Gräser, M el Fari, R Vilgalys … (1999)
              The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, covering the ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S ribosomal DNA was used to evaluate phylogenetic relationships within the fungal family Arthrodermataceae. Sequences of variable length, ranging between 522 and 684 base pairs were aligned. An unrooted consensus tree based on parsimony analysis showed Trichophyton to be polyphyletic, and Microsporum to be paraphyletic. Non-monophyly of these two genera is in conflict with traditional classification. But this relation is not strongly supported by bootstrap analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two known members of the genus Epidermophyton grouped widely apart from each other. Within Trichophyton, our results suggest a separation of human pathogenic species and primarily geophilic species. Bootstrap support for these two groups is fairly high and both groups are recognized by current taxonomy. Three lineages were revealed within the T. mentagrophytes species complex. Microsporum canis, M. audouinii and M. equinum were found to be closely related. The topology of the tree was robust to various methods of analysis (parsimony and distance) and a different weighting scheme. Weighting of transversions over transitions did not improve the status of poorly supported branches of the tree.
              Article 0 comments Cited 15 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): DRM
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Dermatology
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1018-8665
                Title: Dermatology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 1018-8665
                ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9832
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2004
                Publication date (Print): March 2004
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 April 2004
                Volume: 208
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 244-250
                Affiliations
                aService de Dermatologie (DHURDV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, et bDivision des maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, Genève, Suisse
                Article
                Publisher ID: 77311 Other ID: Dermatology 2004;208:244–250
                DOI: 10.1159/000077311
                PubMed ID: 15118380
                SO-VID: 7c3db561-d13d-4a66-ba0f-73198f0d23ea
                Copyright © © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 13 November 2003
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 4, References: 36, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Swiss Society Proceedings

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy,Pathology,Surgery,Dermatology,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: Dermatophytes,<italic>Arthroderma benhamiae</italic>,<italic>Trichophyton erinacei</italic>,<italic>Trichophyton verrucosum</italic>
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy, Pathology, Surgery, Dermatology, Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: Dermatophytes, <italic>Arthroderma benhamiae</italic>, <italic>Trichophyton erinacei</italic>, <italic>Trichophyton verrucosum</italic>

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