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      A new flatworm species of Temnocephala (Rhabdocoela, Temnocephalidae) ectosymbiont on the freshwater crab Valdivia serrata (Decapoda, Trichodactylidae) from Amazonas, Colombia

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          A new species of temnocephalan is described from the branchial chambers of Valdivia serrata in Colombia as Temnocephala ivandarioi sp. nov. The most distinctive characters of the new species are in the cirrus and the epidermal ‘excretory’ syncytial plates. In the present study, the terminology to describe the cirrus of species of Temnocephala is updated. Comparison between the shape of the cirrus of the temnocephalans associated with trichodactylid crabs is also provided.

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          A Comprehensive Molecular Phylogeny of Dalytyphloplanida (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) Reveals Multiple Escapes from the Marine Environment and Origins of Symbiotic Relationships

          Niels Van Steenkiste, Bart Tessens, Wim Willems … (2013)
          In this study we elaborate the phylogeny of Dalytyphloplanida based on complete 18S rDNA (156 sequences) and partial 28S rDNA (125 sequences), using a Maximum Likelihood and a Bayesian Inference approach, in order to investigate the origin of a limnic or limnoterrestrial and of a symbiotic lifestyle in this large group of rhabditophoran flatworms. The results of our phylogenetic analyses and ancestral state reconstructions indicate that dalytyphloplanids have their origin in the marine environment and that there was one highly successful invasion of the freshwater environment, leading to a large radiation of limnic and limnoterrestrial dalytyphloplanids. This monophyletic freshwater clade, Limnotyphloplanida, comprises the taxa Dalyelliidae, Temnocephalida, and most Typhloplanidae. Temnocephalida can be considered ectosymbiotic Dalyelliidae as they are embedded within this group. Secondary returns to brackish water and marine environments occurred relatively frequently in several dalyeliid and typhloplanid taxa. Our phylogenies also show that, apart from the Limnotyphloplanida, there have been only few independent invasions of the limnic environment, and apparently these were not followed by spectacular speciation events. The distinct phylogenetic positions of the symbiotic taxa also suggest multiple origins of commensal and parasitic life strategies within Dalytyphloplanida. The previously established higher-level dalytyphloplanid clades are confirmed in our topologies, but many of the traditional families are not monophyletic. Alternative hypothesis testing constraining the monophyly of these families in the topologies and using the approximately unbiased test, also statistically rejects their monophyly.
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            A new species of Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) ectosymbiont on Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille (Crustacea, Decapoda, Trichodactylidae) from southern Brazil

            José F R Amato, Suzana B. Amato, Samantha Seixas (2006)
            Temnocephala trapeziformis sp. nov., ectosymbiont on Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 is described from the State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Sixty-eight crabs were examined, of which 61 (89.7 %) were positive for this species of the genus Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849. Eggs, as well as adult and young specimens, were found on the pleural areas of the carapace, in the orbital cavities, and, usually, on the fourth pair of pereiopods. The temnocephalans were always devoid of body pigmentation, although they kept the red eye pigment, undiluted in specimens fixed by hot (90ºC) phosphate buffered 10% formalin. The most distinctive characters of the new species are: 1) the shape and size of the cirrus and the characteristics of its introvert section; 2) the trapezoidal shape of the dorsolateral post-tentacular 'excretory' epidermal syncytial plates, with the nephridiopore in the lower inner corner of the plate; and 3) the number, size, and distribution of the rhabdite producing glands, as observed in very young specimens.
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              Filling a gap in the phylogeny of flatworms: relationships within the Rhabdocoela (Platyhelminthes), inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences

              Wim Willems, Andreas Wallberg, Ulf Jondelius … (2006)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Carolina Lenis
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Zookeys
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Zookeys
                Journal ID (publisher-id): 2
                Journal ID (index): urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E
                Journal ID (aggregator): urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                Title: ZooKeys
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Print): 1313-2989
                ISSN (Electronic): 1313-2970
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 March 2020
                Volume: 918
                Pages: 1-14
                Affiliations
                [1 ] PECET. Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 No. 52-59, Medellín, Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
                [2 ] Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain Universitat de València València Spain
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Carolina Lenis ( leniscarolina16@ 123456gmail.com )

                Academic editor: Tom Artois

                Article
                Publisher ID: 38201
                DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.918.38201
                PMC ID: 7082368
                SO-VID: 7c68c29f-3898-45de-aff5-d1722f3e3562
                Copyright © Carolina Lenis, Freddy Ruiz, Carlos Muskus, Antonio Marcilla, Imelda Vélez
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 15 July 2019
                Date accepted : 25 September 2019
                Funding
                Sistema General del Regalías (SGR), Colombia.
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Temnocephalida
                Subject: Systematics
                Subject: Americas

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Animal science & Zoology
                Keywords: crustacea ,reserva natural tanimboca,taxonomy,temnocephala ivandarioi sp. nov.,animalia,rhabdocoela,temnocephalidae
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Animal science & Zoology
                Keywords: crustacea , reserva natural tanimboca, taxonomy, temnocephala ivandarioi sp. nov., animalia, rhabdocoela, temnocephalidae

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