25
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton in subtropical stabilization ponds Translated title: Distribuição espacial e temporal do fitoplâncton em lagoas de estabilização subtropicais

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Abstract Aim: This study aimed at analyzing the phytoplankton community in two stabilization ponds of a subtropical region regarding spatial and temporal composition, richness, and abundance, as well as the respective relationships with local abiotic factors. For this purpose, we tested the hypothesis that eutrophic discharges of sewage results in the maintenance of high-density phytoplankton community, mainly Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyceae, both spatially and seasonally, as well as the occurrence of a spatial and seasonal similarity between phytoplankton richness and density in stabilization ponds. Methods: We carried out monthly samplings of the phytoplankton community and environmental variables, between March 2011 and February 2012, in two stabilization ponds located in the city of Cascavel, West Paraná State, Brazil. Results: We observed that the sampled months presented a clear distinction regarding environmental variability, which did not occur for the ponds. We identified 39 taxa, with Cyanobacteria as the most representative group both in richness and density. We records low diversity and evenness of species and low phytoplankton spatial and temporal variability without significant differences between the richness and density mean values according to the periods and sampling station. Conductivity, nutrients, dissolved oxygen and turbidity were the major structuring environmental variables of phytoplankton. Conclusion: Our results corroborated our hypotheses considering the similar spatial and temporal phytoplankton distributions because of abiotic conditions behaving similarly, as well as the direct connection of the ponds. This paper points out the importance of such studies to proper management, including cyanobacteria control and operational decisions regarding stabilization ponds and the export of undesirable inoculum for receiving water bodies.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou analisar a comunidade fitoplanctônica em duas lagoas de estabilização de uma região subtropical em relação à composição, riqueza e abundância espacial e temporal, assim como sua respectiva relação com fatores abióticos locais. Para este propósito, nós testamos as hipóteses de que descargas eutróficas de esgotos resultam na manutenção de uma alta densidade da comunidade fitoplanctônica, principalmente Cyanobacteria e Chlorophyceae, ambos espacial e sazonalmente, assim como a ocorrência de uma similaridade espacial e sazonal entre riqueza e densidade fitoplanctônica nas lagoas de estabilização. Métodos: Nós realizamos coletas mensais da comunidade fitoplanctônica e variáveis ambientais, entre março de 2011 e fevereiro de 2012, em duas lagoas de estabilização localizadas na cidade de Cascavel, oeste do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Resultados: Nós observamos que os meses amostrados apresentaram uma clara distinção em relação à variabilidade ambiental, o que não aconteceu para as lagoas. Nós identificamos 39 táxons, com Cyanobacteria como o grupo mais representativo, tanto em riqueza como em densidade. Nós registramos baixa diversidade e equitabilidade das espécies e baixa variabilidade espacial e temporal do fitoplâncton, sem diferenças significativas entre os valores médios de riqueza e densidade de acordo com os períodos e estações de amostragem. Condutividade, nutrientes, oxigênio dissolvido e turbidez foram as principais variáveis ambientais estruturadoras do fitoplâncton. Conclusão: Nossos resultados corroboram nossas hipóteses considerando a distribuição espacial e temporal similar do fitoplâncton devido ao comportamento similar das condições abióticas bem como da conexão direta das lagoas. Este trabalho indicou a importância de tais estudos para o manejo adequado, incluindo controle de cianobactérias e as decisões operacionais nas lagoas de estabilização e a exportação de inóculos indesejáveis para os corpos receptores.

          Related collections

          Most cited references86

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Harmful cyanobacterial blooms: causes, consequences, and controls.

          Cyanobacteria are the Earth's oldest oxygenic photoautotrophs and have had major impacts on shaping its biosphere. Their long evolutionary history (≈ 3.5 by) has enabled them to adapt to geochemical and climatic changes, and more recently anthropogenic modifications of aquatic environments, including nutrient over-enrichment (eutrophication), water diversions, withdrawals, and salinization. Many cyanobacterial genera exhibit optimal growth rates and bloom potentials at relatively high water temperatures; hence global warming plays a key role in their expansion and persistence. Bloom-forming cyanobacterial taxa can be harmful from environmental, organismal, and human health perspectives by outcompeting beneficial phytoplankton, depleting oxygen upon bloom senescence, and producing a variety of toxic secondary metabolites (e.g., cyanotoxins). How environmental factors impact cyanotoxin production is the subject of ongoing research, but nutrient (N, P and trace metals) supply rates, light, temperature, oxidative stressors, interactions with other biota (bacteria, viruses and animal grazers), and most likely, the combined effects of these factors are all involved. Accordingly, strategies aimed at controlling and mitigating harmful blooms have focused on manipulating these dynamic factors. The applicability and feasibility of various controls and management approaches is discussed for natural waters and drinking water supplies. Strategies based on physical, chemical, and biological manipulations of specific factors show promise; however, a key underlying approach that should be considered in almost all instances is nutrient (both N and P) input reductions; which have been shown to effectively reduce cyanobacterial biomass, and therefore limit health risks and frequencies of hypoxic events.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Diversity predicts stability and resource use efficiency in natural phytoplankton communities.

            The relationship between species diversity and ecosystem functioning has been debated for decades, especially in relation to the "macroscopic" realm (higher plants and metazoans). Although there is emerging consensus that diversity enhances productivity and stability in communities of higher organisms; however, we still do not know whether these relationships apply also for communities of unicellular organisms, such as phytoplankton, which contribute approximately 50% to the global primary production. We show here that phytoplankton resource use, and thus carbon fixation, is directly linked to the diversity of phytoplankton communities. Datasets from freshwater and brackish habitats show that diversity is the best predictor for resource use efficiency of phytoplankton communities across considerable environmental gradients. Furthermore, we show that the diversity requirement for stable ecosystem functioning scales with the nutrient level (total phosphorus), as evidenced by the opposing effects of diversity (negative) and resource level (positive) on the variability of both resource use and community composition. Our analyses of large-scale observational data are consistent with experimental and model studies demonstrating causal effects of microbial diversity on functional properties at the system level. Our findings point at potential linkages between eutrophication and pollution-mediated loss of phytoplankton diversity. Factors reducing phytoplankton diversity may have direct detrimental effects on the amount and predictability of aquatic primary production.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Use and misuse in the application of the phytoplankton functional classification: a critical review with updates

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                alb
                Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
                Acta Limnol. Bras.
                Associação Brasileira de Limnologia
                2179-975X
                December 2015
                : 27
                : 4
                : 441-453
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Brazil
                Article
                S2179-975X2015000400441
                10.1590/S2179-975X2715
                7cc83e28-d277-4608-9426-f862bb21e541

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2179-975X&lng=en
                Categories
                LIMNOLOGY

                Ecology
                plâncton,Cyanobacteria,lagoas rasas,esgoto,eutrofização,plankton,shallow ponds,sewage,eutrophication
                Ecology
                plâncton, Cyanobacteria, lagoas rasas, esgoto, eutrofização, plankton, shallow ponds, sewage, eutrophication

                Comments

                Comment on this article