Nitrogen-enriched electrospun porous carbon nanofiber networks as high-performance free-standing electrode materials

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Abstract

Nitrogen-enriched electrospun carbon nanofiber networks were prepared to use as a free-standing LIB anode material with ultrahigh capacity and good rate capability.

Abstract

Nitrogen-enriched porous carbon nanofiber networks (NPCNFs) were successfully prepared by using low-cost melamine and polyacrylonitrile as precursors via electrospinning followed by carbonization and NH ₃ treatments. The NPCNFs exhibited inter-connected nanofibrous morphology with a large specific surface area, well-developed microporous structure, relatively high-level nitrogen doping and great amount of pyridinic nitrogen. As free-standing new anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the NPCNFs showed ultrahigh capacity, good cycle performance and superior rate capability with a reversible capacity of as high as 1323 mA h g ⁻¹ at a current density of 50 mA g ⁻¹. These attractive characteristics make the NPCNFs materials very promising anode candidates for high-performance LIBs and, as free-standing electrode materials to be used in other energy conversion and storage devices.

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Large reversible Li storage of graphene nanosheet families for use in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.

EunJoo Yoo, Jedeok Kim, Eiji Hosono … (2008)

The lithium storage properties of graphene nanosheet (GNS) materials as high capacity anode materials for rechargeable lithium secondary batteries (LIB) were investigated. Graphite is a practical anode material used for LIB, because of its capability for reversible lithium ion intercalation in the layered crystals, and the structural similarities of GNS to graphite may provide another type of intercalation anode compound. While the accommodation of lithium in these layered compounds is influenced by the layer spacing between the graphene nanosheets, control of the intergraphene sheet distance through interacting molecules such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) or fullerenes (C60) might be crucial for enhancement of the storage capacity. The specific capacity of GNS was found to be 540 mAh/g, which is much larger than that of graphite, and this was increased up to 730 mAh/g and 784 mAh/g, respectively, by the incorporation of macromolecules of CNT and C60 to the GNS.