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      Performance evaluation of a scoria-compost biofilter treating xylene vapors

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          Abstract

          The removal of xylene vapors was studied in a biofilter packed with a new hybrid (scoria/compost) packing material at various inlet loads (IL) and empty bed residence times (EBRT) of 90, 60, and 40s. The best performance was observed for EBRT of 90s, where a removal efficiency of 98% was obtained under steady state condition for inlet xylene concentration of 1.34 g m −3, while a maximum elimination capacity of 97.5 g m −3 h −1 was observed for IL of 199.5 g m −3 h −1. Carbon dioxide production rates and the microbial counts for xylene-degraders followed xylene elimination capacities. Overall look to the results of this study indicates that the scoria/compost mixture could be considered as a potential biofilter carrier, with low pressure drop (here <4 mm H 2O), to treat air streams containing VOCs.

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          Removal of divalent heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and arsenic(III) from aqueous solutions using scoria: kinetics and equilibria of sorption.

          Jang-Soon Kwon, Seong-Taek Yun, Jong-Hwa Lee … (2010)
          Kinetic and equilibrium sorption experiments were conducted on removal of divalent heavy metals (Pb(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II)) and trivalent arsenic (As(III)) from aqueous solutions by scoria (a vesicular pyroclastic rock with basaltic composition) from Jeju Island, Korea, in order to examine its potential use as an efficient sorbent. The removal efficiencies of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, and As by the scoria (size=0.1-0.2mm, dose=60gL(-1)) were 94, 70, 63, 59, and 14%, respectively, after a reaction time of 24h under a sorbate concentration of 1mM and the solution pH of 5.0. A careful examination on ionic concentrations in sorption batches suggested that sorption behaviors of heavy metals onto scoria are mainly controlled by cation exchange. On the other hand, arsenic appeared to be sensitive to specific sorption onto hematite (a minor constituent of scoria). Equilibrium sorption tests indicated that the removal efficiency for heavy metals increases with increasing pH of aqueous solutions, which is resulted from precipitation as hydroxides. Similarly, multi-component systems containing heavy metals and arsenic showed that the arsenic removal increases with increasing pH of aqueous solutions, which can be attributed to coprecipitation with metal hydroxides. The empirically determined sorption kinetics were well fitted to a pseudo-second order model, while equilibrium sorption data for heavy metals and arsenic onto scoria were consistent with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, respectively. Natural scoria studied in this work is an efficient sorbent for concurrent removal of divalent heavy metals and arsenic.
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            Methods of Air Sampling and Analysis

            JP Lodge, D. J. Lodge, P. Ross … (1989)
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              Analysis of microbial metabolic characteristics in mesophilic and thermophilic biofilters using Biolog plate technique

              Xin Kong, Can Wang, Min Koo Ji (2013)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Mohammad Mehdi Amin: amin@hlth.mui.ac.ir
                Amir Rahimi: rahimi@eng.ui.ac.ir
                Bijan Bina: bbina123@yahoo.com
                Mohsen Heidari: Moheidari84@gmail.com
                Fazel Mohammadi Moghadam: fazel.health@gmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Environ Health Sci Eng
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Environ Health Sci Eng
                Title: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2052-336X
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 December 2014
                Publication date PMC-release: 11 December 2014
                Publication date Collection: 2014
                Volume: 12
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: 140
                Affiliations
                [ ]Environment Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, IUMS, Isfahan, Iran
                [ ]Student Research Center, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
                [ ]Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
                [ ]Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
                [ ]Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
                Article
                Publisher ID: 140
                DOI: 10.1186/s40201-014-0140-4
                PMC ID: 4276096
                SO-VID: 7d46b756-c396-408c-b902-bae7105abab5
                Copyright © © Amin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 13 March 2014
                Date accepted : 11 November 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2014

                Keywords: xylene,biofilter,scoria,compost,elimination capacity
                Data availability:
                Keywords: xylene, biofilter, scoria, compost, elimination capacity

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