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      Habitat use and its implications to functional morphology: niche partitioning and the evolution of locomotory morphology in Lake Tanganyikan cichlids (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

      , , ,
      Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
      Wiley-Blackwell

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          Size-correction and principal components for interspecific comparative studies.

          Phylogenetic methods for the analysis of species data are widely used in evolutionary studies. However, preliminary data transformations and data reduction procedures (such as a size-correction and principal components analysis, PCA) are often performed without first correcting for nonindependence among the observations for species. In the present short comment and attached R and MATLAB code, I provide an overview of statistically correct procedures for phylogenetic size-correction and PCA. I also show that ignoring phylogeny in preliminary transformations can result in significantly elevated variance and type I error in our statistical estimators, even if subsequent analysis of the transformed data is performed using phylogenetic methods. This means that ignoring phylogeny during preliminary data transformations can possibly lead to spurious results in phylogenetic statistical analyses of species data.
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            Adaptive radiation: contrasting theory with data.

            Biologists have long been fascinated by the exceptionally high diversity displayed by some evolutionary groups. Adaptive radiation in such clades is not only spectacular, but is also an extremely complex process influenced by a variety of ecological, genetic, and developmental factors and strongly dependent on historical contingencies. Using modeling approaches, we identify 10 general patterns concerning the temporal, spatial, and genetic/morphological properties of adaptive radiation. Some of these are strongly supported by empirical work, whereas for others, empirical support is more tentative. In almost all cases, more data are needed. Future progress in our understanding of adaptive radiation will be most successful if theoretical and empirical approaches are integrated, as has happened in other areas of evolutionary biology.
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              Using Stable Isotopes to Determine Seabird Trophic Relationships

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
                Biol. J. Linn. Soc.
                Wiley-Blackwell
                00244066
                July 2016
                July 10 2016
                : 118
                : 3
                : 536-550
                Article
                10.1111/bij.12754
                7d948324-7a8a-40f8-bad7-2de630673e1b
                © 2016

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1

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