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      Microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Yupingfeng powder and their antioxidant activity

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          Abstract

          Background:

          Microwave-assisted reflux extraction of polysaccharides YPF-P from the famous Chinese traditional drug, Yupingfeng powder, optimization of extracting conditions and evaluation of their antioxidant activity were conducted in this study.

          Results:

          Single factor effect trends were achieved through yields and contends of YPF-P obtained from different extracting conditions. Then through a three-level, four-variable Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology adopting yield as response, the optimal conditions were determined as follows: Material/solvent ratio 1:23.37, microwave power 560 W, Extraction temperature 64°C, and extraction time 9.62 min. Under the optimal conditions, the YPF-P extraction yield was 3.23%, and its content was detected as 38.52%. In antioxidant assays, the YPF-P was tested to possess 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities with an IC50 value of 0.262 mg/ml. In addition, YPF-P was also proved to have relatively low ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), compared to Vc, through FRAP assay.

          Conclusion:

          In the microwave assisted reflux extraction research, good YPF-P yield was achieved from materials with relatively low YPF-P content. And for the first time, both DPPH and FRAP assays were conducted on YPF-P, which proved that the antioxidant activity of YPF-P contributed to the functions of this medicine.

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          Most cited references29

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          Box-Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods.

          The present paper describes fundamentals, advantages and limitations of the Box-Behnken design (BBD) for the optimization of analytical methods. It establishes also a comparison between this design and composite central, three-level full factorial and Doehlert designs. A detailed study on factors and responses involved during the optimization of analytical systems is also presented. Functions developed for calculation of multiple responses are discussed, including the desirability function, which was proposed by Derringer and Suich in 1980. Concept and evaluation of robustness of analytical methods are also discussed. Finally, descriptions of applications of this technique for optimization of analytical methods are presented.
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            Chemical analysis of Radix Astragali (Huangqi) in China: a comparison with its adulterants and seasonal variations.

            Radix Astragali (root of Astragalus; Huangqi) is a popular traditional Chinese medicine, and Astragalus membranaceus and A. membranaceus var. mongolicus are two commonly used species; however, there are many Astragalus species that could act as adulterants of Radix Astragali. To find the chemical composition of Radix Astragali, the main constituents including flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, amino acids, and trace elements were determined in two Radices Astragali, A. membranaceus and A. membranaceus var. mongolicus, and its eight adulterants, Astragalus propinquus, Astragalus lepsensis, Astragalus aksuensis, Astragalus hoantchy, Astragalus hoantchy subsp. dshimensis, Astragalus lehmannianus, Astragalus sieversianus, and Astragalus austrosibiricus. The results showed that the amounts of main constituents such as isoflavonoids and astragalosides varied in different species. In distinction, A. membranaceus and A. membranaceus var. mongolicus contained a higher amount of astragaloside I and IV. In addition, the main constituents of A. membranaceus var.mongholicus changed according to seasonal variation and age of the plant. The chemical composition of different species of Astragalus would provide useful information for the quality control of Radix Astragali.
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              Recent advances in Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharides: Mycelial fermentation, isolation, structure, and bioactivities: A review

              Highlights • C. sinensis is one of the best known traditional Chinese medicine and health foods. • Polysaccharide (PS) is one of the richest groups and the main bioactive components. • PS exhibited various structural features and multiple bioactivities. • This review focused on production, extraction, structural features and bioactivities of PS.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pharmacogn Mag
                Pharmacogn Mag
                PM
                Pharmacognosy Magazine
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0973-1296
                0976-4062
                Jul-Sep 2015
                : 11
                : 43
                : 546-554
                Affiliations
                [1] Department of Medicinal Plants, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang Region, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
                [1 ] Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Xindu Region, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Prof. Feng Gao, Department of Medicinal Plants, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang Region, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China. E-mail: gaofeng@ 123456sicau.edu.cn
                Article
                PM-11-546
                10.4103/0973-1296.160468
                4522841
                26246730
                7da6eb24-415c-496e-9552-e3a3bdc6eb4b
                Copyright: © Pharmacognosy Magazine

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 24 October 2014
                : 27 December 2014
                : 10 July 2015
                Categories
                Original Article

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                antioxidant activity,microwave-assisted extraction,polysaccharides,response surface methodology,yupingfeng powder

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