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      Production of Interleukin-6 in Cultures of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Children with Primary Protein-Calorie Malnutrition and from Eutrophic Controls

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          Abstract

          The spontaneous as well as mitogen-induced in vitro production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was studied in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 14 children with marginal protein-energy malnutrition, 43 children with definite protein-energy malnutrition and 38 eutrophic controls of similar age, sex, race and socioeconomical condition. PBMC were cultured without added mitogen or stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phytohemagglutinin (PHA). After 48 h incubation, cell-free culture supernatants were collected and stored at –70°C. The amount of IL-6 in the supernatants was determined by a specific bioassay based on the proliferation of B9 hybridoma cells using human rIL-6 as standard. The mean level of IL-6 was significantly increased in supernatants from nonstimulated PBMC cultures from definitely malnourished children as compared with that observed in those of the controls. Stimulation with either LPS or PHA induced a rise in cytokine bioactivity in the supernatants of PBMC cultures from the different nutritional groups tested. Interestingly, IL-6 was significantly increased in the supernatants of PHA-stimulated cultures from malnourished children as compared with those of the controls.

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          Multiple changes of immunologic parameters in prisoners of war. Assessments after release from a camp in Manjaca, Bosnia.

          To assess immune reactivity in men just released from a war prisoner camp. Random sample of 29 men from a group of 764 liberated detainees in war prisoner camp in Bosnia, 15 matched healthy control subjects, and pre-war historical control subjects. Report on immune reactivity parameters, such as lymphocyte immunophenotypes, natural killer cell and phagocyte function, serum cytokines, and hormones. Compared with control subjects, detainees had significantly lowered red blood cell count, hemoglobin mass concentration, hematocrit, total serum proteins, and albumin level, while the percentage and count of monocytes and non-segmented neutrophils were increased. Flow cytometry revealed a significant increase in percentage of activated lymphocytes, activated T lymphocytes, Tc/s lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and total HLA-DR lymphocytes. The absolute counts of activated lymphocytes and activated T lymphocytes were also significantly increased. The percentages of naive Th/i lymphocytes and the ratio of CD4:CD8 lymphocytes were decreased. The in vitro natural killer cell cytotoxic activity and phagocytic functions of ingestion and digestion were significantly depressed. Serum interferon, serum cortisol, and prolactin were also significantly lowered. Serum tumor necrosis factor was increased. Alterations in the main parameters of the immune system and depression of important immune effector functions may have resulted from the psychological stress, physical deprivation, and malnutrition experienced by these war camp prisoners during their detainment.
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            Author and article information

            Journal
            ANM
            Ann Nutr Metab
            10.1159/issn.0250-6807
            Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
            S. Karger AG
            0250-6807
            1421-9697
            1998
            October 1998
            22 October 1998
            : 42
            : 5
            : 266-273
            Affiliations
            a Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, b Centro Clínico de Recuperación Nutricional ‘Menca de Leoni’, Caracas, Venezuela
            Article
            12743 Ann Nutr Metab 1998;42:266–273
            10.1159/000012743
            9812017
            7ddc1bb6-f90d-4736-a674-d2524de51ca9
            © 1998 S. Karger AG, Basel

            Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

            History
            Page count
            Tables: 3, References: 48, Pages: 8
            Categories
            Original Paper

            Nutrition & Dietetics,Health & Social care,Public health
            Interleukin-6,Cachexia,Th2 cytokines,Malnutrition,Protein-energy malnutrition

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