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      Uso problemático de internet en adolescentes españoles y su relación con autoestima e impulsividad Translated title: Problematic Internet Use in Spanish Adolescents and Their Relationship with Self-Esteem and Impulsivity Translated title: Uso problemático da Internet em adolescentes espanhóis e sua relação com autoestima e impulsividade

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          Abstract

          Resumen Dado el gran auge del uso de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) por parte del colectivo juvenil resulta de interés el análisis de los patrones disfuncionales y de su potencialidad adictiva. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en explorar las relaciones entre el uso problemático de internet y factores de riesgo como la impulsividad, así como analizar las diferencias en conflictos intra e interpersonales asociados en función del género y la edad. Han participado 240 adolescentes y jóvenes (124 mujeres y 116 hombres) con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 22 años (X= 18.075; DT= 2.36), estudiantes del Principado de Asturias (España). Nuestros resultados sugieren que 11.25% de los adolescentes hacen usos problemáticos de internet frente a un 88.75% que muestran un uso controlado. Respecto a las diferencias en función del género y de la edad no han resultado significativas. Se ha hallado que la baja autoestima y la impulsividad cognitiva y no planeada predicen con mayor probabilidad el uso desadaptativo de internet. Presentar mayor propensión a tomar decisiones rápidas, así como mostrar más interés en la toma de decisiones presentes que futuras, aumenta las probabilidades de puntuar más alto en conflictos interpersonales asociados al uso problemático de internet. Se discuten las implicaciones de tales hallazgos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Given the great increase in the use of new information and communication technologies (ICTS) in recent years by the youth collective, it is interesting to analyze dysfunctional patterns and their addictive potential. The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between problematic Internet use and risk factors such as impulsivity, and to analyze potential differences in intra and interpersonal conflicts associated to gender and age. 240 adolescents and young people (124 women and 116 men) aged between 15 and 22 years (X = 18.075; SD= 2.36) participated, all of them students of the Principality of Asturias (Spain). Problematic Internet use was found among 11.25 % of adolescents compared with 88.75 % showing a controlled use. No significant effects of gender and age were registered. It was found that low self-esteem as well as cognitive and unplanned impulsivity predict with high likelihood maladaptive Internet use. Greater propensity to make quick decisions and showing more interest in making decisions for the present than for future increased the likelihood of higher scoring in interpersonal conflicts associated with problematic Internet use. The implications of these findings are discussed.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Dado o grande auge do uso das Novas Tecnologias da Informação e a Comunicação (TICS) por parte do coletivo juvenil resulta de interesse a análise dos patrões disfuncionais e de sua potencialidade aditiva. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em explorar as relações entre o uso problemático da Internet e fatores de risco como a impulsividade, assim como analisar as diferenças em conflitos intrapessoais e interpessoais associados em função do gênero e o nível de idade. Têm participado 240 adolescentes e jovens (124 mulheres e 116 homens) com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e 22 anos (X= 18.075; DT= 2.36), estudantes do Principado de Astúrias (Espanha). Em relação com a possível existência de usos problemáticos da Internet resulta atribuível ao 11.25% dos adolescentes frente a um 88.75% que mostram um uso controlado. Respeito às diferenças em função do gênero e da idade não têm resultado significativas. Se tem encontrado que a baixa autoestima e a Impulsividade Cognitiva e Não Planejada predizem com maior probabilidade o uso mal-adaptativo da Internet. Apresentar maior propensão a tomar decisões rápidas, assim como mostrar maior interesse nas tomadas de decisões presentes que futuras, aumentam as probabilidades de pontuar mais alto em Conflitos interpessoais associados ao uso problemático da Internet. Discutem-se as implicações de tais resultados.

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          Most cited references64

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          A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use

          R.A. Davis (2001)
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            Introduction to behavioral addictions.

            Several behaviors, besides psychoactive substance ingestion, produce short-term reward that may engender persistent behavior, despite knowledge of adverse consequences, i.e., diminished control over the behavior. These disorders have historically been conceptualized in several ways. One view posits these disorders as lying along an impulsive-compulsive spectrum, with some classified as impulse control disorders. An alternate, but not mutually exclusive, conceptualization considers the disorders as non-substance or "behavioral" addictions. Inform the discussion on the relationship between psychoactive substance and behavioral addictions. We review data illustrating similarities and differences between impulse control disorders or behavioral addictions and substance addictions. This topic is particularly relevant to the optimal classification of these disorders in the forthcoming fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). Growing evidence suggests that behavioral addictions resemble substance addictions in many domains, including natural history, phenomenology, tolerance, comorbidity, overlapping genetic contribution, neurobiological mechanisms, and response to treatment, supporting the DSM-V Task Force proposed new category of Addiction and Related Disorders encompassing both substance use disorders and non-substance addictions. Current data suggest that this combined category may be appropriate for pathological gambling and a few other better studied behavioral addictions, e.g., Internet addiction. There is currently insufficient data to justify any classification of other proposed behavioral addictions. Proper categorization of behavioral addictions or impulse control disorders has substantial implications for the development of improved prevention and treatment strategies.
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              Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: development of a theory-based cognitive–behavioral measurement instrument

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                apl
                Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana
                Av. Psicol. Latinoam.
                Universidad del Rosario (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                1794-4724
                2145-4515
                April 2019
                : 37
                : 1
                : 103-119
                Affiliations
                [1] Asturias orgnameUniversidad de Oviedo orgdiv1Facultad de Psicología Spain
                Article
                S1794-47242019000100103
                10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.5029
                7df00b41-7bb0-445d-8464-f1a446dcc5bc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 September 2018
                : 21 July 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 85, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos

                Problematic use,Internet,self-esteem,impulsiveness,teenagers,uso problemático,internet,autoestima,impulsividad,adolescentes,impulsividade

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