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      Response of Vibrio cholerae to Low-Temperature Shifts: CspV Regulation of Type VI Secretion, Biofilm Formation, and Association with Zooplankton

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          Abstract

          The ability to sense and adapt to temperature fluctuation is critical to the aquatic survival, transmission, and infectivity ofVibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the disease cholera. Little information is available on the physiological changes that occur whenV. choleraeexperiences temperature shifts. The genome-wide transcriptional profile ofV. choleraeupon a shift in human body temperature (37°C) to lower temperatures, 15°C and 25°C, which mimic those found in the aquatic environment, was determined. Differentially expressed genes included those involved in the cold shock response, biofilm formation, type VI secretion, and virulence. Analysis of a mutant lacking the cold shock genecspV, which was upregulated >50-fold upon a low-temperature shift, revealed that it regulates genes involved in biofilm formation and type VI secretion. CspV controls biofilm formation through modulation of the second messenger cyclic diguanylate and regulates type VI-mediated interspecies killing in a temperature-dependent manner. Furthermore, a strain lackingcspVhad significant defects for attachment and type VI-mediated killing on the surface of the aquatic crustaceanDaphnia magna. Collectively, these studies reveal thatcspVis a major regulator of the temperature downshift response and plays an important role in controlling cellular processes crucial to the infectious cycle ofV. cholerae.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Applied and Environmental Microbiology
          Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
          American Society for Microbiology
          0099-2240
          1098-5336
          June 30 2016
          July 15 2016
          : 82
          : 14
          : 4441-4452
          Article
          10.1128/AEM.00807-16
          4959209
          27208110
          7e7090d6-72d7-4702-bdf3-993a49e99a9c
          © 2016
          History

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