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      Avaliação da Velocidade Média na Aorta Torácica Descendente em Fetos com Anemia Translated title: Measurement of the Mean Blood Velocity in the Descending Thoracic Aorta in Anemic Fetuses

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: verificar se existe correlação significativa entre a velocidade média na dopplerfluxometria da artéria aorta torácica descendente e o grau de anemia fetal. Métodos: estudo prospectivo, transversal, no qual foram analisados 66 fetos de gestantes isoimunizadas, em que se realizou a cordocentese para a realização de transfusões intra-uterinas pela via intravascular (66,7%). Nos fetos que foram submetidos à transfusão intra-uterina pela via intraperitoneal, ou naqueles casos em que não houve necessidade de tratamento intra-uterino (33,3%), a determinação da concentração de hemoglobina do cordão foi realizada pela punção do cordão umbilical, no momento da interrupção da gestação. Neste grupo de fetos estudados, foi realizado exame dopplerfluxométrico da artéria aorta torácica descendente, sendo calculada a velocidade média de fluxo. Foi realizado estudo de associação entre as variáveis. Foram também calculados os valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo. Resultados: observou-se correlação significativa e inversa entre a velocidade média na artéria aorta torácica descendente e o nível de hemoglobina fetal. A velocidade média na dopplerfluxometria da artéria aorta torácica descendente apresentou sensibilidade de 47,5% para anemia fetal moderada (Hg<10 g/dL), com o teste exato de Fisher apresentando valor de p<0,01, e de 54,5% para anemia fetal grave (Hg<7,0 g/dL), com um valor de p=0,01. Conclusões: houve associação significativa entre a velocidade média na aorta torácica descendente e o grau de diagnóstico de anemia fetal.

          Translated abstract

          Purpose: to verify if there is an association between the mean blood velocity in the descending thoracic aorta and fetal anemia diagnosis. Methods: this is a prospective, cross-sectional study in which the mean blood velocities in the fetal aorta, in 66 fetuses at risk for severe anemia due to severe Rh immunization, and cord blood hemoglobin levels were analyzed comparatively. The hemoglobin level was obtained by cordocentesis if an intravascular transfusion was performed for severe anemia, however, if the fetus received an intrauterine transfusion by the intraperitoneal route or if the fetus did not receive a transfusion at all, hemoglobin level was measured at the time of pregnancy termination by umbilical cord puncture. The authors made a statistical association between the mean blood velocity in fetal descending thoracic aorta and the diagnosis of fetal anemia. The c² test was used for statistical analysis and a p value <0,05 was used to indicate significance. Results: there was a significant and indirect association between the mean blood velocity in the descending thoracic aorta and the detection of fetal anemia. The mean blood velocity in fetal thoracic aorta had a sensitivity of 47.4% for the diagnosis of moderate fetal anemia (Hg<10.0 g/dL), with a p value <0.01 by the Fisher exact test, and a sensitivity of 54.5% for severe Rh isoimmunization (Hg<7.0 g/dL), with a p value =0.01. Conclusion: this study revealed a significant indirect correlation between mean blood velocity in the descending thoracic aorta and the detection of fetal anemia due to Rh isoimmunization.

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          Most cited references13

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          Fetal venous, arterial, and intracardiac blood flows in red blood cell isoimmunization.

          To investigate the effect of anemia on fetal venous, arterial, and intracardiac blood flows.
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            Failure of ultrasonographic parameters to predict the severity of fetal anemia in rhesus isoimmunization

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              • Article: not found

              A comparison of sheep and human fetal oxygen delivery systems with use of a mathematical model.

              Human fetal cardiac output measured with ultrasound is only about 60% of that found in the sheep. We modified a previously developed mathematical model of the fetal circulation and oxygen delivery in sheep for the human in order to study several differences. The model predicts that a human fetus can maintain its oxygen delivery with a relatively low cardiac output because of its relatively high fetal hemoglobin concentration, as compared with that of the sheep fetus. Thus an inverse relationship between fetal hemoglobin concentration and fetal cardiac output is suggested. This relationship may be mediated by the influence of red blood cell concentration on blood viscosity. Furthermore, it indicates that fetal anemia should be detectable by ultrasound measurements of increased cardiac output and/or umbilical blood flow. Dynamic responses of the model suggest that the mechanism of late and variable decelerations in the fetal heart rate pattern is mediated via a fall in arterial oxygen tension.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbgo
                Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
                Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.
                Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Rio de Janeiro )
                1806-9339
                December 2001
                : 23
                : 10
                : 653-657
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital das Clínicas
                Article
                S0100-72032001001000007
                10.1590/S0100-72032001001000007
                7edb86c8-35c2-483b-af58-a255408ebbcd

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-7203&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Isoimmunization,Doppler flowmetry,Fetal anemia,Isoimunização,Dopplerfluxometria,Anemia fetal,Cordocentese,Cordocentesis

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