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      GenBank

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          Abstract

          GenBank ® ( www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for 400 000 formally described species. These sequences are obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects, including whole genome shotgun and environmental sampling projects. Most submissions are made using BankIt, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Submission Portal, or the tool tbl2asn. GenBank staff assign accession numbers upon data receipt. Daily data exchange with the European Nucleotide Archive and the DNA Data Bank of Japan ensures worldwide coverage. GenBank is accessible through the NCBI Nucleotide database, which links to related information such as taxonomy, genomes, protein sequences and structures, and biomedical journal literature in PubMed. BLAST provides sequence similarity searches of GenBank and other sequence databases. Complete bimonthly releases and daily updates of the GenBank database are available by FTP. Recent updates include changes to sequence identifiers, submission wizards for 16S and Influenza sequences, and an Identical Protein Groups resource.

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          GenBank

          Dennis A Benson, Mark Cavanaugh, Karen Clark … (2016)
          GenBank® (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for 370 000 formally described species. These sequences are obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects, including whole genome shotgun (WGS) and environmental sampling projects. Most submissions are made using the web-based BankIt or the NCBI Submission Portal. GenBank staff assign accession numbers upon data receipt. Daily data exchange with the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) and the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) ensures worldwide coverage. GenBank is accessible through the NCBI Nucleotide database, which links to related information such as taxonomy, genomes, protein sequences and structures, and biomedical journal literature in PubMed. BLAST provides sequence similarity searches of GenBank and other sequence databases. Complete bimonthly releases and daily updates of the GenBank database are available by FTP. Recent updates include changes to policies regarding sequence identifiers, an improved 16S submission wizard, targeted loci studies, the ability to submit methylation and BioNano mapping files, and a database of anti-microbial resistance genes.
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            BioProject and BioSample databases at NCBI: facilitating capture and organization of metadata

            Tanya Barrett, Karen Clark, Robert Gevorgyan … (2011)
            As the volume and complexity of data sets archived at NCBI grow rapidly, so does the need to gather and organize the associated metadata. Although metadata has been collected for some archival databases, previously, there was no centralized approach at NCBI for collecting this information and using it across databases. The BioProject database was recently established to facilitate organization and classification of project data submitted to NCBI, EBI and DDBJ databases. It captures descriptive information about research projects that result in high volume submissions to archival databases, ties together related data across multiple archives and serves as a central portal by which to inform users of data availability. Concomitantly, the BioSample database is being developed to capture descriptive information about the biological samples investigated in projects. BioProject and BioSample records link to corresponding data stored in archival repositories. Submissions are supported by a web-based Submission Portal that guides users through a series of forms for input of rich metadata describing their projects and samples. Together, these databases offer improved ways for users to query, locate, integrate and interpret the masses of data held in NCBI's archival repositories. The BioProject and BioSample databases are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject and http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/biosample, respectively.
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              Assembly: a resource for assembled genomes at NCBI

              Paul A Kitts, Deanna M. Church, Francoise Thibaud-Nissen … (2015)
              The NCBI Assembly database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/) provides stable accessioning and data tracking for genome assembly data. The model underlying the database can accommodate a range of assembly structures, including sets of unordered contig or scaffold sequences, bacterial genomes consisting of a single complete chromosome, or complex structures such as a human genome with modeled allelic variation. The database provides an assembly accession and version to unambiguously identify the set of sequences that make up a particular version of an assembly, and tracks changes to updated genome assemblies. The Assembly database reports metadata such as assembly names, simple statistical reports of the assembly (number of contigs and scaffolds, contiguity metrics such as contig N50, total sequence length and total gap length) as well as the assembly update history. The Assembly database also tracks the relationship between an assembly submitted to the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Consortium (INSDC) and the assembly represented in the NCBI RefSeq project. Users can find assemblies of interest by querying the Assembly Resource directly or by browsing available assemblies for a particular organism. Links in the Assembly Resource allow users to easily download sequence and annotations for current versions of genome assemblies from the NCBI genomes FTP site.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nucleic Acids Res
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nucleic Acids Res
                Journal ID (publisher-id): nar
                Title: Nucleic Acids Research
                Publisher: Oxford University Press
                ISSN (Print): 0305-1048
                ISSN (Electronic): 1362-4962
                Publication date (Print): 04 January 2018
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 November 2017
                Publication date PMC-release: 13 November 2017
                Volume: 46
                Issue: Database issue , Database issue
                Pages: D41-D47
                Affiliations
                National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Building 38A, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
                Author notes
                To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 301 496 2475; Fax: +1 301 480 9241; Email: sayers@ 123456ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8394-3802
                Article
                Publisher ID: gkx1094
                DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1094
                PMC ID: 5753231
                PubMed ID: 29140468
                SO-VID: 7f0520de-9f68-41c0-8476-0c041287d2e6
                Copyright © Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research 2017.
                License:

                This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

                History
                Date accepted : 09 November 2017
                Date revision received : 18 October 2017
                Date received : 17 September 2017
                Page count
                Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Database Issue

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

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