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      Efecto moderador de la creatividad en el rendimiento en memoria cotidiana en personas mayores Translated title: Moderating effect of creativity on everyday memory performance in the elderly

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Antecedentes: la sociedad envejece a pasos agigantados y propone un reto importante al conjunto de profesionales, ya que una de las mayores preocupaciones en el transcurso de los años es la pérdida de funciones cognitivas como la memoria. Con base en ello, es relevante conocer qué estrategias pueden ayudar a preservar la capacidad mnésica de las personas mayores sanas. Objetivo: analizar el efecto moderador del constructo creatividad en la memoria cotidiana, así como el de la edad en una muestra de personas mayores sanas. Métodos: Participaron 106 personas mayores sanas y voluntarias provenientes de diferentes ciudades de España. Se les aplicó la prueba de creatividad CREA y la de memoria cotidiana RBMT. Resultados: La creatividad modera la pérdida de memoria en las personas mayores, en tanto que, por cada unidad de análisis de creatividad, aumenta la memoria. Lo contrario ocurre con la edad, al aumentar esta, la memoria disminuye. No se ha observado que la edad y la creatividad tengan un efecto de interacción conjunta sobre la memoria, actuando las dos por separado. Implicaciones: la creatividad puede ser incrementada en los programas de ocio y de intervención en psicoestimulación en el envejecimiento, ya que promover un contexto de actividades que fomenten la creatividad puede ser muy ventajoso para prevenir problemas de memoria en adultos mayores sanos. Se necesitan más estudios que ahonden en esta relación y el tipo de actividades concretas creativas que pueden ser beneficiosas y efectivas.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Background: The society ages at a rapid pace proposing an important challenge to the group of professionals, since one of the biggest concerns over the years is the loss of cognitive functions such as memory. Based on this, it is relevant to know what strategies can help to preserve the mnemonic capacity of healthy elderly people. Objective: to analyze the moderator effect of the creativity construct in the daily memory, as well as the age effect in a sample of healthy elderly people. Methods: 106 healthy and voluntary elderly people from different cities of Spain participated. The CREA creative test and the RBMT daily memory test were applied. Results: Creativity moderates memory loss in older people, while for each unit of creativity analysis, memory increases. The opposite happens with age, as it increases, memory decreases. It has not been found that age and creativity have a joint interaction effect on memory, acting both separately. Implications: creativity can be increased in leisure programs and intervention in psychostimulation in aging, since promoting a context of activities that promote creativity can be very advantageous to prevent memory problems in healthy older adults. More studies are needed that deepen this relationship and the type of concrete creative activities that can be beneficial and effective.

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          Using heteroskedasticity-consistent standard error estimators in OLS regression: an introduction and software implementation.

          Homoskedasticity is an important assumption in ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Although the estimator of the regression parameters in OLS regression is unbiased when the homoskedasticity assumption is violated, the estimator of the covariance matrix of the parameter estimates can be biased and inconsistent under heteroskedasticity, which can produce significance tests and confidence intervals that can be liberal or conservative. After a brief description of heteroskedasticity and its effects on inference in OLS regression, we discuss a family of heteroskedasticity-consistent standard error estimators for OLS regression and argue investigators should routinely use one of these estimators when conducting hypothesis tests using OLS regression. To facilitate the adoption of this recommendation, we provide easy-to-use SPSS and SAS macros to implement the procedures discussed here.
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            How and for whom? Mediation and moderation in health psychology.

            Health psychology is maturing to include both major studies relating IVs to DVs as well as in-depth investigation of how these relations occur and for whom. These analyses reflect the richness of data collected in investigations of health and hold the promise of uncovering important pathways by which psychological factors influence health. From a methodological standpoint, investigation of mediation and moderation represents how a third variable may be incorporated in statistical analyses to uncover underlying mechanisms, differing effects on unique populations, or conditions under which an effect may be pronounced or diminished. Often the addition of these measures to research projects costs very little, but offers tremendous potential to yield detailed information critical to the advancement of theory and practice in health psychology. (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved
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              Rostral and caudal prefrontal contribution to creativity: a meta-analysis of functional imaging data

              Creativity is of central importance for human civilization, yet its neurocognitive bases are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to integrate existing functional imaging data by using the meta-analysis approach. We reviewed 34 functional imaging studies that reported activation foci during tasks assumed to engage creative thinking in healthy adults. A coordinate-based meta-analysis using Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) first showed a set of predominantly left-hemispheric regions shared by the various creativity tasks examined. These regions included the caudal lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), the medial and lateral rostral PFC, and the inferior parietal and posterior temporal cortices. Further analyses showed that tasks involving the combination of remote information (combination tasks) activated more anterior areas of the lateral PFC than tasks involving the free generation of unusual responses (unusual generation tasks), although both types of tasks shared caudal prefrontal areas. In addition, verbal and non-verbal tasks involved the same regions in the left caudal prefrontal, temporal, and parietal areas, but also distinct domain-oriented areas. Taken together, these findings suggest that several frontal and parieto-temporal regions may support cognitive processes shared by diverse creativity tasks, and that some regions may be specialized for distinct types of processes. In particular, the lateral PFC appeared to be organized along a rostro-caudal axis, with rostral regions involved in combining ideas creatively and more posterior regions involved in freely generating novel ideas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                geroko
                Gerokomos
                Gerokomos
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1134-928X
                2021
                : 32
                : 2
                : 101-104
                Affiliations
                [2] Logroño La Rioja orgnameUniversidad de La Rioja Spain
                [1] orgnameUniversidad de San Martín de Porres orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación de la Escuela de Psicología Peru
                [4] León Castilla y León orgnameUniversidad de León Spain
                [3] León Castilla y León orgnameUniversidad de León Spain
                Article
                S1134-928X2021000200101 S1134-928X(21)03200200101
                7fa0e725-b47d-48f7-84fd-8060cd95a6b9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 November 2019
                : 04 March 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Envejecimiento,cognitive reserve,memory,creativity,Aging,reserva cognitiva,memoria,creatividad

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