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      International Journal of COPD (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on pathophysiological processes underlying Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) interventions, patient focused education, and self-management protocols. Sign up for email alerts here.

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      Blood eosinophil count as a prognostic biomarker in COPD

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          Abstract

          Background

          High blood eosinophil count is a predictive biomarker for response to inhaled corticosteroids in prevention of acute exacerbation of COPD, and low blood eosinophil count is associated with pneumonia risk in COPD patients taking inhaled corticosteroids. However, the prognostic role of blood eosinophil count remains underexplored. Therefore, we investigated the associated factors and mortality based on blood eosinophil count in COPD.

          Methods

          Patients with COPD were recruited from 16 hospitals of the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease cohort (n=395) and COPD in Dusty Area cohort (n=234) of Kangwon University Hospital. The two merged cohorts were divided based on blood eosinophil count into three groups: high (≥5%), middle (2%–5%), and low (<2%).

          Results

          The high group had longer six-minute walk distance (high =445.8±81.4, middle =428.5±88.0, and low =414.7±86.3 m), higher body mass index (23.3±3.1, 23.1±3.1, and 22.5±3.2 kg/m 2), lower emphysema index (18.5±14.1, 22.2±15.3, and 23.7±16.3), and higher inspiratory capacity/total lung capacity ratio (32.6±7.4, 32.4±9.2, and 29.9% ± 8.9%) ( P<0.05). The survival period increased with increasing blood eosinophil count (high =9.52±0.23, middle =8.47±1.94, and low =7.42±0.27 years, P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the emphysema index was independently and negatively correlated with blood eosinophil count ( P<0.05).

          Conclusion

          In COPD, the severity of emphysema was independently linked with low blood eosinophil count and the longer survival period was associated with increased blood eosinophil count, though it was not proven in the multivariate analysis.

          Most cited references18

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          Computed tomographic measurements of airway dimensions and emphysema in smokers. Correlation with lung function.

          Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction caused by emphysema or airway narrowing, or both. Low attenuation areas (LAA) on computed tomography (CT) have been shown to represent macroscopic or microscopic emphysema, or both. However CT has not been used to quantify the airway abnormalities in smokers with or without airflow obstruction. In this study, we used CT to evaluate both emphysema and airway wall thickening in 114 smokers. The CT measurements revealed that a decreased FEV(1) (%predicted) is associated with an increase of airway wall area and an increase of emphysema. Although both airway wall thickening and emphysema (LAA) correlated with measurements of lung function, stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the combination of airway and emphysema measurements improved the estimate of pulmonary function test abnormalities. We conclude that both CT measurements of airway dimensions and emphysema are useful and complementary in the evaluation of the lung of smokers.
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            Annual change in pulmonary function and clinical phenotype in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

            Although the rate of annual decline in FEV1 is one of the most important outcome measures in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), little is known about intersubject variability based on clinical phenotypes. To examine the intersubject variability in a 5-year observational cohort study, particularly focusing on emphysema severity. A total of 279 eligible patients with COPD (stages I-IV: 26, 45, 24, and 5%) participated. We conducted a detailed assessment of pulmonary function and computed tomography (CT) at baseline, and performed spirometry every 6 months before and after inhalation of bronchodilator. Smoking status, exacerbation, and pharmacotherapy were carefully monitored. Emphysema severity was evaluated by CT and annual measurements of carbon monoxide transfer coefficient. Using mixed effects model analysis, the annual decline in post-bronchodilator FEV1 was -32±24 (SD) ml/yr (n=261). We classified the subjects of less than the 25th percentile as Rapid decliners, the 25th to 75th percentile as Slow decliners, and greater than the 75th percentile as Sustainers (-63±2, -31±1, and -2±1 [SE] ml/yr). Emphysema severity, but not %FEV1, showed significant differences among the three groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the Rapid decliners were independently associated with emphysema severity assessed either by CT or carbon monoxide transfer coefficient. The Sustainers displayed less emphysema and higher levels of circulating eosinophils. Emphysema severity is independently associated with a rapid annual decline in FEV1 in COPD. Sustainers and Rapid decliners warrant specific attention in clinical practice.
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              Blood eosinophil count and pneumonia risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a patient-level meta-analysis.

              Inhaled corticosteroids are important in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but can slightly increase the risk of pneumonia in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Patients with circulating eosinophil counts of 2% or more of blood leucocytes respond better to inhaled corticosteroids than do those with counts of less than 2% and it was therefore postulated that blood eosinophil count might also have an effect on the risk of pneumonia in patients with COPD. In this post-hoc meta-analysis, we investigate whether a 2% threshold can identify patients who differ in their risk of pneumonia, irrespective of inhaled corticosteroid treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
                Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
                International Journal of COPD
                International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
                Dove Medical Press
                1176-9106
                1178-2005
                2018
                31 October 2018
                : 13
                : 3589-3596
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
                [2 ]Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea, jhpamc@ 123456hanmail.net
                [3 ]Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
                [4 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
                [5 ]Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
                [6 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
                [7 ]Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
                [8 ]Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
                [9 ]Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
                [10 ]Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
                [11 ]Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
                [12 ]Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
                [13 ]Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
                [14 ]Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Joo Hun Park, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Worldcup Road 164, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, South Korea, Tel +82 31 219 5116, Fax +82 31 219 5124, Email jhpamc@ 123456hanmail.net
                [*]

                These authors contributed equally to this work

                Article
                copd-13-3589
                10.2147/COPD.S179734
                6219410
                7fc94e5b-2ca2-4621-888f-bb4fae6457d7
                © 2018 Oh et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

                The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

                History
                Categories
                Original Research

                Respiratory medicine
                blood eosinophil,copd,biomarker
                Respiratory medicine
                blood eosinophil, copd, biomarker

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