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      Mapa de erosión potencial en la cuenca hidrológica Grijalva-Usumacinta México mediante el uso de SIG Translated title: Map of potential erosion in the Grijalva-Usumacinta hydrological basin, Mexico, using GIS

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          Abstract

          El objetivo de esta investigación fue generar mapas temáticos de los factores que provocan la erosión en la cuenca Grijalva-Usumacinta. Se obtuvieron mapas de Precipitación (PMA), Uso actual de suelo (UAS), Pendiente de las geoformas (PPG) y Clases de suelos (CS). La magnitud del riesgo de erosión provocada por cada factor fue categorizada mediante escalas numéricas. A través de un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) se interpolaron los mapas obtenidos, y se generó un mapa de erosión potencial (EP) en el cual se establecieron tres niveles de riesgo; Alto (A), Medio (M) y Bajo (B). Se observó que más del 50 % de la cuenca tiene geoformas onduladas y escarpadas. Los suelos son predominantemente someros, los cuales son fácilmente erosionables cuando se asocian a precipitaciones intensas. Se identificaron áreas con cobertura vegetal selvática en la parte Sureste de la cuenca y de bosques mesofilos de pino y encino en la parte Central y Sur respectivamente. El mapa de EP de la cuenca indicó que más de 7 millones de hectáreas (83 %) presentan riesgo de erosión de Medio a Alto, acentuándose en la parte Centro y Suroeste, mientras que en la parte Norte y Noreste se localizan 1.5 millones de hectáreas (17 %) que presentan riesgo bajo de erosión.

          Translated abstract

          The purpose of this study was to prepare thematic maps of the factors that generate erosion in the Grijalva-Usumacinta basin. Maps for Rainfall (PMA), Present Use of the Soil (UAS), Landform Slopes (PPG) and Soil Classes (CS) were obtained. The magnitude of erosion risk caused by each factor was categorised by numerical scales. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), the maps that were obtained were interpolated and a potential erosion map (EP) was generated with three levels of risk: High, Medium and Low. It was observed that more than 50 % of the basin has undulated and steep landforms. The soils are mainly shallow and are easily eroded when associated with intense rainfall. Areas were identified with tropical forests in the southeastern region of the basin, and with pine and oak cloud forests in the central and southern regions respectively. The EP map of the basin indicated that more than 7 million hectares (83 %) present a risk of erosion from Medium to High, particularly in the central and southwestern regions, while in the northern and northeastern regions there are 1.5 million hectares (17 %) with a low risk of erosion.

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          Most cited references32

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          Assessment of soil erosion at large watershed scale using RUSLE and GIS: a case study in the Loess Plateau of China

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            Land degradation is contextual

            A. Warren (2002)
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              Empirical reformulation of the universal soil loss equation for erosion risk assessment in a tropical watershed

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                uc
                Universidad y ciencia
                Universidad y ciencia
                Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado (Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico )
                0186-2979
                August 2013
                : 29
                : 2
                : 153-161
                Affiliations
                [03] orgnameEl Colegio de la Frontera Sur
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco orgdiv1División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias rusaher@ 123456hotmail.com
                [02] orgnameUniversidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco orgdiv1División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas
                Article
                S0186-29792013000200005 S0186-2979(13)02900200005
                7ffcd8be-afc5-49c0-b74c-81c705c49c08

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 June 2013
                : 21 February 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos

                riesgo de erosión,Factores erosivos,Imágenes satelitales,risk of erosion,erosive factors,Satellite images

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