Effect of Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion on Parameters Derived From Catacrotic Phase of Photoplethysmography Under Different Concentrations of Remifentanil

Abstract

Background: Some parameters have been extracted from photoplethysmography (PPG) with a good relativity with nociception, but without encouraging results in qualifying the balance of nociception-anti-nociception (NAN). The features of PPG have not been thoroughly depicted and more prospective univariate parameters deserve to be explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of parameters derived from catacrotic phase of PPG to grade the level of analgesia. Methods: 45 patients with ASA I or II were randomized to receive a remifentanil effect-compartment target controlled infusion (Ce _remi) of 0, 1, or 3 ng/ml, and a propofol effect-compartment target controlled infusion to maintain an acceptable level of hypnosis with state entropy (SE) at 40~60. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion was applied as a noxious stimulus. Five diastole-related parameters, namely diastolic interval (DI), diastolic slope (DS), the minimum slope during catacrotic phase (DSmin), the interval between DSmin and its nearest trough (DTI), and area difference ratio (ADR), were extracted. Pulse beat interval (PBI) was calculated as a reference parameter. Results: LMA insertion elicited a significant variation in all parameters except ADR during Ce _remi of 0 and 1 ng/ml. Compared to PBI (prediction probability ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\text{P}_{\text {K}}$ \end{document} ) = 0.796), the parameters of DI, DS, and DTI presented a better consistence with the level of anti-nociceptive medication, with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\text{P}_{\text {K}}$ \end{document} of 0.825, 0.822, and 0.822 respectively. Conclusion: The features extracted from catacrotic phase of PPG, including DI, DS, and DTI, could provide a promising potential to qualify the balance of NAN.