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      Entwicklung der stationären Versorgungsqualität operativ behandelter Patienten mit einer proximalen Femurfraktur in Nordrhein-Westfalen : Eine Analyse über 61.249 Behandlungsverläufe auf Grundlage der Daten der externen stationären Qualitätssicherung Translated title: Development of the inpatient quality of care of surgically treated patients with a proximal femoral fracture in North Rhine-Westphalia : Analysis of 61,249 treatment courses based on data from external inpatient quality assurance

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          Abstract

          Hintergrund und Fragestellung

          Pro Jahr erleiden in Deutschland über 100.000 Menschen, überwiegend höheren Alters, eine proximale Femurfraktur. Steigende Fallzahlen im Zusammenhang mit einer alternden Bevölkerung und eine relativ große Zahl behandlungsbedürftiger Begleiterkrankungen erschweren die alltägliche Versorgung. Daher ist die Beobachtung der Versorgungsqualität dieser Patienten anhand relevanter Qualitätsparameter von großer Bedeutung, um Implikationen für die alltägliche Behandlungspraxis ableiten zu können.

          Material und Methoden

          Die Daten der externen stationären Qualitätssicherung aus Nordrhein-Westfalen der Jahre 2007 und 2008 sowie 2017 und 2018 wurden analysiert und die Zeiträume vergleichend gegenübergestellt. Zusätzlich wurde anhand der dokumentierten Nebendiagnosen und weiterer Einflussparameter eine Risikoadjustierung mithilfe eines logistischen Regressionsmodells in Bezug auf die Zielgrößen der allgemeinen und chirurgischen Komplikationen sowie der Letalität durchgeführt. Es wurden sowohl osteosynthetisch als auch endoprothetisch versorgte Patienten berücksichtigt. Insgesamt konnten 61.249 Fälle in die Studie eingeschlossen werden.

          Ergebnisse

          Positive Entwicklungen konnten im Bereich der chirurgischen Komplikationen und der Wundinfektionen mit Rückgängen um 1,2 % bzw. 0,8 % beobachtet werden. Bei Vorliegen einer Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung war das Outcome der Patienten besonders schlecht. Hierbei zeigten sich für die allgemeinen Komplikationen im Verlauf Verbesserungen in der Subkategorie der kardiovaskulären Ereignisse. Die Letalität lag unverändert bei 6 %. Deutlich gesteigert wurde die operative Tätigkeit an den Wochenenden. Patienten, deren Krankenhausaufnahme in zeitlichem Bezug zum Wochenende lag, wiesen kein erhöhtes Komplikations- oder Letalitätsrisiko auf. Obwohl der Anteil der erst nach über 48 h operierten Patienten von 11,4 % auf 8,2 % gesenkt werden konnte, verzögert sich die Operation (> 24 h) immer noch in 26,8 % der Fälle.

          Schlussfolgerungen

          Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Leistungsanforderungen an das Gesundheitssystem dokumentieren die Ergebnisse Verbesserungen in einigen zentralen Bereichen der stationären Behandlung. Dennoch ist die Entwicklung von Strategien zur weiteren Reduktion der präoperativen Liegezeiten in medizinisch vertretbarer Weise zu fordern. Internistische Begleiterkrankungen beeinflussen das Outcome der Patienten maßgeblich. Somit ist eine adäquate Behandlung des multimorbiden Patientenkollektivs auf der Grundlage einer engen Kooperation zwischen alterstraumatologischen und geriatrisch-internistischen Fachabteilungen in der Alltagspraxis zu etablieren.

          Translated abstract

          Background and objective

          Every year in Germany over 100,000 people, mostly of older age, suffer a proximal femoral fracture. Increasing case numbers in connection with an aging population and a relatively large number of concomitant diseases requiring treatment make everyday care more difficult. It is therefore of great importance to observe the quality of care for these patients using relevant quality parameters in order to be able to derive implications for everyday treatment practice.

          Material and methods

          The data of the external inpatient quality assurance from North Rhine-Westphalia for the years 2007–2008 and 2017–2018 were analyzed and the time periods compared. In addition, based on the documented secondary diagnosis and other influencing parameters, a risk adjustment was carried out with the aid of a logistic regression model with respect to the outcomes of general and surgical complications and mortality. Both osteosynthetically and endoprosthetically treated patients were taken into account. A total of 61,249 cases were included in the study.

          Results

          Positive developments could be observed in the area of surgical complications and wound infections with decreases of 1.2% and 0.8%, respectively. Patients with cardiovascular diseases had a particularly poor outcome. Here, improvements in the subcategory of cardiovascular events were found for general complications. The mortality remained unchanged at 6%. Operative activity on the weekends increased significantly. Patients whose hospital admission was related to the weekend did not show an increased risk of complications or mortality. Although the proportion of patients who were operated on after more than 48 h was reduced from 11.4% to 8.2%, the operation (> 24 h) was still delayed in 26.8% of cases.

          Conclusion

          Against the background of increasing performance demands on the healthcare system, the results document improvements in some central areas of inpatient treatment. Nevertheless, the development of strategies for the further reduction of the preoperative waiting times in a medically justifiable manner is required. Internal concomitant diseases have a decisive influence on patient outcome. Thus, an adequate treatment of the multimorbid patient collective is to be established in everyday practice on the basis of close cooperation between geriatric traumatology and geriatric internal medicine departments.

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          Most cited references31

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          A critical review of the long-term disability outcomes following hip fracture

          Background Hip fractures are an increasingly common consequence of falls in older people that are associated with a high risk of death and reduced function. This review aims to quantify the impact of hip fracture on older people’s abilities and quality of life over the long term. Methods Studies were identified through PubMed and Scopus searches and contact with experts. Cohort studies of hip fracture patients reporting outcomes 3 months post-fracture or longer were included for review. Outcomes of mobility, participation in domestic and community activities, health, accommodation or quality of life were categorised according to the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning and synthesised narratively. Risk of bias was assessed according to four items from the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. Results Thirty-eight studies from 42 publications were included for review. Most followed a clearly defined sample from the time of fracture. Hip fracture survivors experienced significantly worse mobility, independence in function, health, quality of life and higher rates of institutionalisation than age matched controls. The bulk of recovery of walking ability and activities for daily living occurred within 6 months after fracture. Between 40 and 60 % of study participants recovered their pre-fracture level of mobility and ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living, while 40–70 % regained their level of independence for basic activities of daily living. For people independent in self-care pre-fracture, 20–60 % required assistance for various tasks 1 and 2 years after fracture. Fewer people living in residential care recovered their level of function than those living in the community. In Western nations, 10–20 % of hip fracture patients are institutionalised following fracture. Few studies reported impact on participation in domestic, community, social and civic life. Conclusions Hip fracture has a substantial impact on older peoples’ medium- to longer-term abilities, function, quality of life and accommodation. These studies indicate the range of current outcomes rather than potential improvements with different interventional approaches. Future studies should measure impact on life participation and determine the proportion of people that regain their pre-fracture level of functioning to investigate strategies for improving these important outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0332-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            Effect of comorbidities and postoperative complications on mortality after hip fracture in elderly people: prospective observational cohort study.

            To evaluate postoperative medical complications and the association between these complications and mortality at 30 days and one year after surgery for hip fracture and to examine the association between preoperative comorbidity and the risk of postoperative complications and mortality. Prospective observational cohort study. University teaching hospital. 2448 consecutive patients admitted with an acute hip fracture over a four year period. We excluded 358 patients: all those aged < 60; those with periprosthetic fractures, pathological fractures, and fractures treated without surgery; and patients who died before surgery. Routine care for hip fractures. Postoperative complications and mortality at 30 days and one year. Mortality was 9.6% at 30 days and 33% at one year. The most common postoperative complications were chest infection (9%) and heart failure (5%). In patients who developed postoperative heart failure mortality was 65% at 30 days (hazard ratio 16.1, 95% confidence interval 12.2 to 21.3). Of these patients, 92% were dead by one year (11.3, 9.1 to 14.0). In patients who developed a postoperative chest infection mortality at 30 days was 43% (8.5, 6.6 to 11.1). Significant preoperative variables for increased mortality at 30 days included the presence of three or more comorbidities (2.5, 1.6 to 3.9), respiratory disease (1.8, 1.3 to 2.5), and malignancy (1.5, 1.01 to 2.3). In elderly people with hip fracture, the presence of three or more comorbidities is the strongest preoperative risk factor. Chest infection and heart failure are the most common postoperative complications and lead to increased mortality. These groups offer a clear target for specialist medical assessment.
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              Mortality associated with delay in operation after hip fracture: observational study.

              To estimate the number of deaths and readmissions associated with delay in operation after femoral fracture. Analysis of inpatient hospital episode statistics. NHS hospital trusts in England with at least 100 admissions for fractured neck of femur during the study period. Patients People aged > or = 65 admitted from home with fractured neck of femur and discharged between April 2001 and March 2004. In hospital mortality and emergency readmission within 28 days. There were 129,522 admissions for fractured neck of femur in 151 trusts with 18,508 deaths in hospital (14.3%). Delay in operation was associated with an increased risk of death in hospital, which was reduced but persisted after adjustment for comorbidity. For all deaths in hospital, the odds ratio for more than one day's delay relative to one day or less was 1.27 (95% confidence interval 1.23 to 1.32) after adjustment for comorbidity. The proportion with more than two days' delay ranged from 1.1% to 62.4% between trusts. If death rates in patients with at most one day's delay had been repeated throughout all 151 trusts in this study, there would have been an average of 581 (478 to 683) fewer total deaths per year (9.4% of the total). There was little evidence of an association between delay and emergency readmission. Delay in operation is associated with an increased risk of death but not readmission after a fractured neck of femur, even with adjustment for comorbidity, and there is wide variation between trusts.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                c.j.neumann@gmx.de
                Journal
                Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb)
                Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb)
                Die Unfallchirurgie
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                2731-7021
                2731-703X
                30 July 2021
                30 July 2021
                2022
                : 125
                : 8
                : 634-646
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, In der Schornau 23–25, 44892 Bochum, Deutschland
                [2 ]Qualitätssicherung NRW, Ärztekammer Westfalen-Lippe, Münster, Deutschland
                [3 ]Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Sportmedizin, Klinikum Lünen, Lünen, Deutschland
                Author notes
                [Redaktion]

                Wolf Mutschler, München

                Hans Polzer, München

                Ben Ockert, München

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-0410
                Article
                1065
                10.1007/s00113-021-01065-9
                9349128
                34328519
                801e1223-7df5-4449-a2de-ea1fb7fe36f4
                © The Author(s) 2021

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                History
                : 23 June 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH (8943)
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                Originalien
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                © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2022

                oberschenkelhalsfraktur,pertrochantäre femurfraktur,alterstraumatologie,versorgungsforschung,registerdaten,femoral neck fracture,pertrochanteric femoral fracture,geriatric traumatology,care research,register data

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