Relationship between physical activity, sleep and anxiety among junior high school students in Yangzhou

Abstract

Objective To explore physical activity of junior high school students and its relationship with sleep and anxiety.

Methods A stratified random sampling method was adopted. From March to July, 2021, 11 436 junior high school students from 12 junior high schools in four counties and districts of Yangzhou City were selected as the survey objects to conduct an on-site questionnaire survey. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to collect data regarding physical activity, sleep and anxiety symptoms. One-way analysis of variance and Chi-square test were performed to analyze the differences and correlations of parameters among junior high school students, and linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity, sleep quality and anxiety.

Results A total of 34.30% of junior high school students did not meet the physical activity recommendation. Physical activity score of boys in junior high school (32.01±13.02) was significantly higher than that of girls (24.73±12.30) ( t = 30.73, P<0.01). Physical activity score was significantly related to anxiety ( F = 260.20), sleep quality ( F = 1 570.20), gender (χ ² = 918.11), parental exercise support (χ ² = 100.04), sleep quality (χ ² = 2 903.64), and anxiety (χ ² = 521.38) ( P<0.01). The results of linear regression showed that moderate physical activity had a significant negative correlation with sleep quality ( B = −3.61), and moderate, vigorus physical activity had significant negative correlation with sleep quality and anxiety ( B = −0.98, −0.91) ( P<0.05).

Conclusion Physical inactivity is common among junior high school students in Yangzhou City, together with sleep disorders and anxiety. Sufficient physical activity can effectively improve sleep disorders and anxiety problems.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 探讨初中生体力活动现状及其与睡眠、焦虑的关系, 为改善身体素质、调节心理健康提供切实有效的证 据。 方法 采取分层随机抽样方法, 于2021年3—7月选取扬州市4个县区12所初中的11 436名初中生为调査对象。利 用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、体力活动等级量表(PARS-3)以及广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)采集受试者体力活动等 级、睡眠得分以及焦虑得分。采用单因素方差分析、χ ²检验分析初中生各项指标之间的差异及相关性, 采用线性回归分析 体力活动与睡眠质量、焦虑的关系。 结果 有34.30%的初中生为低体力活动水平; 初中男生的体力活动得分(32.01±13.02)髙于女生(24.73±12.30) ( t = 30.73, P<0.01);不同体力活动水平学生焦虑、睡眠质量差异均有统计学意义( F值分别 为260.20, 1 570.20, P值均<0.01); 体力活动水平与性别 (χ ² = 918.11)、父母运动支持 (χ ² = 100.04)、睡眠质量 (χ ² = 2 903.64)、焦虑(χ ² = 521.38)均相关 ( P 值均<0.01)。线性回归分析结果显示, 中体力活动与睡眠质量呈负相关 ( B = −3.61, P<0.05); 中、髙体力活动水平与焦虑呈负相关( B值分别为 −0.98, −0.91, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 扬州市初中生体力 活动水平不理想, 同时存在睡眠障碍、焦虑等问题, 适当的体力活动能有效改善睡眠障碍、焦虑问题。