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      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
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      Snus (nass) and oral cancer: A case series report

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Snus (nass) is a form of snuff used in a similar manner to American dipping tobacco, but it does not typically result in a need for spitting. Possible hazards associated with this material include malignant and premalignant lesions in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. The use of smokeless tobacco has increased in the Middle East in recent decades, particularly among teenagers and young adults. Therefore, practitioners must be able to recognize malignant and premalignant lesions. Although, an estimated 10-25% of the world's population uses smokeless tobacco, this practice is virtually unknown in Iran. The aim of this study is to report a series of cases of squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma occurring in the users of snus, who referred to the Department of Oral Medicine in Kerman Dental School.

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          Tobacco smoking and cancer: a meta-analysis.

          Sara Gandini, Edoardo Botteri, Simona Iodice … (2008)
          We conducted a systematic meta-analysis of observational studies on cigarette smoking and cancer from 1961 to 2003. The aim was to quantify the risk for 13 cancer sites, recognized to be related to tobacco smoking by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and to analyze the risk variation for each site in a systematic manner. We extracted data from 254 reports published between 1961 and 2003 (177 case-control studies, 75 cohorts and 2 nested case-control studies) included in the 2004 IARC Monograph on Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking. The analyses were carried out on 216 studies with reported estimates for 'current' and/or 'former' smokers. We performed sensitivity analysis, and looked for publication and other types of bias. Lung (RR = 8.96; 95% CI: 6.73-12.11), laryngeal (RR = 6.98; 95% CI: 3.14-15.52) and pharyngeal (RR = 6.76; 95% CI: 2.86-15.98) cancers presented the highest relative risks (RRs) for current smokers, followed by upper digestive tract (RR = 3.57; 95% CI: 2.63-4.84) and oral (RR = 3.43; 95% CI: 2.37-4.94) cancers. As expected, pooled RRs for respiratory cancers were greater than the pooled estimates for other sites. The analysis of heterogeneity showed that study type, gender and adjustment for confounding factors significantly influence the RRs estimates and the reliability of the studies. Copyright 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
          Article 0 comments Cited 228 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Smokeless tobacco and cancer.

            Kurt Straif, Paolo Boffetta, Stephen S. Hecht … (2008)
            Use of smokeless tobacco products is common worldwide, with increasing consumption in many countries. Although epidemiological data from the USA and Asia show a raised risk of oral cancer (overall relative risk 2.6 [95% CI 1.3-5.2]), these are not confirmed in northern European studies (1.0 [0.7-1.3]). Risks of oesophageal cancer (1.6 [1.1-2.3]) and pancreatic cancer (1.6 [1.1-2.2]) have also increased, as shown in northern European studies. Results on lung cancer have been inconsistent, with northern European studies suggesting no excess risk. In India and Sudan, more than 50% of oral cancers are attributable to smokeless tobacco products used in those countries, as are about 4% of oral cancers in US men and 20% of oesophageal and pancreatic cancers in Swedish men. Smokeless tobacco products are a major source of carcinogenic nitrosamines; biomarkers of exposure have been developed to quantify exposure as a framework for a carcinogenesis model in people. Animal carcinogenicity studies strongly support clinical results. Cancer risk of smokeless tobacco users is probably lower than that of smokers, but higher than that of non-tobacco users.
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              Global epidemiology of areca nut usage.

              Y. Gupta, S Warnakulasuriya (2001)
              A substantial proportion of the world's population is engaged in chewing areca nut and the habit is endemic throughout the Indian subcontinent, large parts of south Asia and Melanesia. A large variety of ingredients, including tobacco, may be used along with areca nut constituting a betel quid. The composition and method of chewing can vary widely from country to country and these population variations are described in this review. Some populations are known to use areca nut without tobacco providing good opportunities to further research the carcinogenecity of areca nut. Some interesting trends on chewing patterns have emerged from recent data, suggesting a decline in the habit in some countries such as Thailand while the prevalence of areca nut use is rising in India and Taiwan.
              Article 0 comments Cited 123 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Dent Res J (Isfahan)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Dent Res J (Isfahan)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): DRJ
                Title: Dental Research Journal
                Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                ISSN (Print): 1735-3327
                ISSN (Electronic): 2008-0255
                Publication date (Print): Jan-Feb 2013
                Volume: 10
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 116-121
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Kerman Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman, Iran
                [2 ]Department of Oral Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Assistant Professor, Maryam Alsadat Hashemipour, Department of Oral medicine, Faulty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. m_hashemipoor@ 123456kmu.ac.ir
                Article
                Publisher ID: DRJ-10-116
                DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.111813
                PMC ID: 3714813
                PubMed ID: 23878575
                SO-VID: 808c43c5-e9d5-4e82-b099-466e3dd615d2
                Copyright © Copyright: © Dental Research Journal
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : January 2012
                Date accepted : June 2012
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: oral cancer,smokeless tobacco,snus,squamous cell carcinoma,verrucous carcinoma
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: oral cancer, smokeless tobacco, snus, squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma

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