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      Microbiomes of Site-Specific Dental Plaques from Children with Different Caries Status

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          ABSTRACT

          The oral microbiota associated with the initiation and progression of dental caries has yet to be fully characterized. The Human Oral Microbe Identification Using Next-Generation Sequencing (HOMI NGS) approach was used to analyze the microbiomes of site-specific supragingival dental plaques from children with different caries status. Fifty-five children (2 to 7 years of age) were assessed at baseline and at 12 months and grouped as caries free (CF), caries active with enamel lesions (CAE), and caries active with dentin carious lesions (CA). Plaque samples from caries-free tooth surfaces (PF) and from enamel carious lesions (PE) and dentin carious lesions (PD) were collected. 16S community profiles were obtained by HOMI NGS, and 408 bacterial species and 84 genus probes were assigned. Plaque bacterial communities showed temporal stability, as there was no significant difference in beta diversity values between the baseline and 12-month samples. Irrespective of collection time points, the microbiomes of healthy tooth surfaces differed substantially from those found during caries activity. All pairwise comparisons of beta diversity values between groups were significantly different ( P < 0.05), except for comparisons between the CA-PF, CAE-PE, and CA-PE groups. Streptococcus genus probe 4 and Neisseria genus probe 2 were the most frequently detected taxa across the plaque groups, followed by Streptococcus sanguinis, which was highly abundant in CF-PF. Well-known acidogenic/aciduric species such as Streptococcus mutans, Scardovia wiggsiae, Parascardovia denticolens, and Lactobacillus salivarius were found almost exclusively in CA-PD. The microbiomes of supragingival dental plaque differ substantially among tooth surfaces and children of different caries activities. In support of the ecological nature of caries etiology, a steady transition in community species composition was observed with disease progression.

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          Author and article information

          Contributors
          Role: Editor
          Journal
          Infect Immun
          Infect. Immun
          iai
          iai
          IAI
          Infection and Immunity
          American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )
          0019-9567
          1098-5522
          15 May 2017
          19 July 2017
          August 2017
          : 85
          : 8
          : e00106-17
          Affiliations
          [a ]Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
          [b ]DMD Program, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
          [c ]Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
          [d ]Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
          [e ]Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
          University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
          Author notes
          Address correspondence to Vincent P. Richards, vpricha@ 123456clemson.edu , or Marcelle M. Nascimento, mnascimento@ 123456dental.ufl.edu .

          V.P.R. and M.M.N. contributed equally to this work.

          Citation Richards VP, Alvarez AJ, Luce AR, Bedenbaugh M, Mitchell ML, Burne RA, Nascimento MM. 2017. Microbiomes of site-specific dental plaques from children with different caries status. Infect Immun 85:e00106-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00106-17.

          Author information
          http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-0316
          http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-0038
          Article
          PMC5520424 PMC5520424 5520424 00106-17
          10.1128/IAI.00106-17
          5520424
          28507066
          81281bc1-b96a-44e7-8bf1-e55753014d22
          Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

          All Rights Reserved.

          History
          : 14 February 2017
          : 24 March 2017
          : 8 May 2017
          Page count
          supplementary-material: 1, Figures: 4, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 60, Pages: 11, Words: 7061
          Funding
          Funded by: NIH/NIDCR
          Award ID: K23-DE023579
          Award Recipient : Marcelle M. Nascimento
          Categories
          Bacterial Infections
          Custom metadata
          August 2017

          bacteria,caries,children,microbiome,supragingival,biofilms,dental plaque

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