Vortices in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

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Abstract

We have created vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. The vortex state was created through a coherent process involving the spatial and temporal control of interconversion between the two components. Using an interference technique, we map the phase of the vortex state to confirm that it possesses angular momentum. We can create vortices in either of the two components and have observed differences in the dynamics and stability.

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Most cited references 3

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Tin-Lun Ho, V Shenoy (1996)

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B. Jackson, J. McCann, C. Adams (1998)

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Vortex stability of interacting Bose-Einstein condensates confined in anisotropic harmonic traps

Barry Schneider, David Feder, Charles Clark (1999)

Vortex states of weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein condensates confined in three-dimensional rotating harmonic traps are investigated numerically at zero temperature. The ground state in the rotating frame is obtained by propagating the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate in imaginary time. The total energies between states with and without a vortex are compared, yielding critical rotation frequencies that depend on the anisotropy of the trap and the number of atoms. Vortices displaced from the center of nonrotating traps are found to have long lifetimes for sufficiently large numbers of atoms. The relationship between vortex stability and bound core states is explored.