A Retrospective Study of Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis in Children: Etiology, Clinical Course, and Treatment

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Objectives

Recurrent bacterial meningitis (RBM) is a rare but life-threatening disease. This study aims to analyze the clinical features, potential causes, and therapeutic outcomes of RBM in children.

Methods

This article retrospectively reviews the clinical characteristics, etiologies, and treatments in children with RBM hospitalized in Hebei children's hospital from 2012 to 2020.

Results

A total of 10 children with RBM, five males and five females, were included in this study. The age of RBM in children spans from the neonatal stage to the childhood stage. The underlying illnesses were identified and classified as cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (1 case), humoral immunodeficiency with Mondini dysplasia (1 case), common cavity deformity with cerebrospinal fluid ear leakage (1 case), Mondini malformations (2 cases), incomplete cochlear separation type I with a vestibular enlargement (2 cases), local inflammation of the sphenoid bone caused by cellulitis (1 case), congenital skull base defects (1 case), and congenital dermal sinus with intraspinal abscess (1 case). 6 patients chose targeted therapy for potential reasons.

Conclusions

Congenital abnormalities or acquired injuries lead to intracranial communication with the outside world, which can quickly become a portal for bacterial invasion of the central nervous system, resulting in repeated infections.

Related collections

Most cited references 43

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. A review of 493 episodes.

M Durand, S B Calderwood, D J Weber … (1993)

To characterize acute bacterial meningitis in adults, we reviewed the charts of all persons 16 years of age or older in whom acute bacterial meningitis was diagnosed at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1962 through 1988. We included patients who were admitted after initial treatment at other hospitals. During the 27-year period, 445 adults were treated for 493 episodes of acute bacterial meningitis, of which 197 (40 percent) were nosocomial. Gram-negative bacilli (other than Haemophilus influenzae) caused 33 percent of the nosocomial episodes but only 3 percent of the community-acquired episodes. In the 296 episodes of community-acquired meningitis, the most common pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (37 percent), Neisseria meningitidis (13 percent), and Listeria monocytogenes (10 percent); these organisms accounted for only 8 percent of the nosocomial episodes. Only 19 of the 493 episodes of meningitis (4 percent) were due to H. influenzae. Nine percent of all patients had recurrent meningitis; many had a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Seizures occurred in 23 percent of patients with community-acquired meningitis, and 28 percent had focal central nervous system findings. Risk factors for death among those with single episodes of community-acquired meningitis included older age (> or = 60 years), obtunded mental state on admission, and seizures within the first 24 hours. Among those with single episodes, the in-hospital mortality rate was 25 percent for community-acquired and 35 percent for nosocomial meningitis. The overall case fatality rate was 25 percent and did not vary significantly over the 27 years. In our large urban hospital, a major proportion of cases of acute bacterial meningitis in adults were nosocomial. Recurrent episodes of meningitis were frequent. The overall mortality rate remained high.

0 comments Cited 214 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

GJB2 mutations and degree of hearing loss: a multicenter study.

Rikkert L Snoeckx, Patrick L. M. Huygen, Delphine Feldmann … (2005)

Hearing impairment (HI) affects 1 in 650 newborns, which makes it the most common congenital sensory impairment. Despite extraordinary genetic heterogeneity, mutations in one gene, GJB2, which encodes the connexin 26 protein and is involved in inner ear homeostasis, are found in up to 50% of patients with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss. Because of the high frequency of GJB2 mutations, mutation analysis of this gene is widely available as a diagnostic test. In this study, we assessed the association between genotype and degree of hearing loss in persons with HI and biallelic GJB2 mutations. We performed cross-sectional analyses of GJB2 genotype and audiometric data from 1,531 persons, from 16 different countries, with autosomal recessive, mild-to-profound nonsyndromic HI. The median age of all participants was 8 years; 90% of persons were within the age range of 0-26 years. Of the 83 different mutations identified, 47 were classified as nontruncating, and 36 as truncating. A total of 153 different genotypes were found, of which 56 were homozygous truncating (T/T), 30 were homozygous nontruncating (NT/NT), and 67 were compound heterozygous truncating/nontruncating (T/NT). The degree of HI associated with biallelic truncating mutations was significantly more severe than the HI associated with biallelic nontruncating mutations (P<.0001). The HI of 48 different genotypes was less severe than that of 35delG homozygotes. Several common mutations (M34T, V37I, and L90P) were associated with mild-to-moderate HI (median 25-40 dB). Two genotypes--35delG/R143W (median 105 dB) and 35delG/dela(GJB6-D13S1830) (median 108 dB)--had significantly more-severe HI than that of 35delG homozygotes.

0 comments Cited 57 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

CT and MR imaging of the inner ear and brain in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss.

Varsha Joshi, Shantanu K Navlekar, G Ravi Kishore … (2016)

Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of congenital sensorineural hearing loss. In children who are candidates for cochlear implantation surgery, it provides vital preoperative information about the inner ear, the vestibulocochlear nerve, and the brain. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provide excellent delineation of the intricate anatomy of the inner ear: CT depicts the minute details of osseous structures, and MR imaging allows visualization of the fluid-filled spaces and the vestibulocochlear nerve. Together, these complementary modalities can aid decision making about the best management strategy by facilitating the identification and characterization of inner ear malformations and any associated neurologic abnormalities. It is important that the radiologist be familiar with the key imaging features when interpreting CT and MR images obtained in this patient group. A broad spectrum of inner ear malformations have been described and linked to developmental insults at different stages of embryogenesis, and various systems have been proposed for classifying them. In this article, these malformations are described by using classification systems used by otolaryngologists for ease of interpretation. The relevant normal anatomy and development of the inner ear are briefly surveyed, standard imaging protocols for studying the inner ear are reviewed, and the imaging appearances of frequently observed inner ear malformations are described and illustrated. The impact of the identification of these malformations and commonly associated brain abnormalities on clinical management and prognosis also is discussed. RSNA, 2012

0 comments Cited 42 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Su-Zhen Sun:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8075-9137

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Comput Math Methods Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Comput Math Methods Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): cmmm

Title: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

Publisher: Hindawi

ISSN (Print): 1748-670X

ISSN (Electronic): 1748-6718

Publication date Collection: 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 10 March 2022

Volume: 2022

Electronic Location Identifier: 3681871

Affiliations

¹Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050031, China

²Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan, Jinan 250014, China

³Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050031, China

Author notes

Academic Editor: Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf

Author information

Hua-Zhang Liu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9468-6768

Ling-yu Pang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-5043

Xin Wen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-8255

Su-Zhen Sun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8075-9137

Article

DOI: 10.1155/2022/3681871

PMC ID: 8930234

PubMed ID: 35309833

SO-VID: 81599dcd-915b-4a45-8c78-59a0e35c9c64

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 24 November 2021

Date revision received : 26 January 2022

Date accepted : 4 February 2022

Funding

Funded by: Scientific Research Fund Project of Hebei Provincial Department of Health

A Retrospective Study of Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis in Children: Etiology, Clinical Course, and Treatment

Read this article at

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Related collections

Online interactive cancer simulations and demos

Most cited references 43

Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. A review of 493 episodes.

GJB2 mutations and degree of hearing loss: a multicenter study.

CT and MR imaging of the inner ear and brain in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Author information

Article

History

Funding

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 164

Cited by 2

Most referenced authors 416