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      Drug utilization research in a primary mental health service in Northeast of Brazil Translated title: Estudo de utilização de medicamentos em um serviço de saúde mental primário no Nordeste do Brasil

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          Abstract

          The Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) is a community-based mental health service in Brazil, which aims to promote the psychosocial rehabilitation of patients. Accordingly, this study describes the drug use evaluation in a primary mental health service in Northeast of Brazil. Setting: CAPS ‘Valter Correia’, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2009 and May 2010. Initially, Medical records were reviewed and evaluated. Then, we applied interviews with the patients (and/or their informal/family caregivers) attended at the CAPS. Informations were obtained regarding to demographic and clinical features, diagnoses and drugs prescribed. All patients registered in the CAPS were included in the study. The results were statistically analyzed using the EpiInfo and were compared with results from literature. Results: The CAPS ‘Valter Correia’ consists of 101 registered patients, the majority were male (58.4%), illiterate (51.5%), without monthly income (49.5%) and the average age of them 42.2 years (SD = 12.0). Schizophrenia was the most frequent mental disorder (31.5%). The average number of medications by patients was 3.11 (SD = 1.41), and the older group of patients (75-80 years) presented the largest consumption of medications (5.50 drugs/patient). The psychiatric drug class most frequently prescribed was antipsychotics (44.8%). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were the most prevalent non-psychiatric therapeutic class (15.8%). It was detected 133 drug-drug interactions (3.0% mild, 54.1% moderate, 29.3% severe and 13.5% contraindicated). Conclusion: The results revealed the need for monitoring the pharmacotherapy of patients with mental disorders to encourage the rational use of medications.

          Translated abstract

          O Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) é um serviço de saúde mental de base comunitária no Brasil, que visa promover a reabilitação psicossocial dos pacientes. O presente estudo descreve a avaliação do uso de medicamentos em um service de saúde mental primário no Nordeste do Brasil. Ambiente: CAPS «Valter Correia», São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal foi realizado entre agosto de 2009 e maio de 2010. Inicialmente, os registros médicos foram revisados e avaliados. Em seguida, foram realizadas entrevistas com os pacientes (e/ou seus cuidadores) atendidos no CAPS. Informações foram obtidas sobre as características demográficas e clínicas, diagnósticos e medicamentos prescritos. Todos os pacientes cadastrados no CAPS foram incluídos no estudo. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o programa EpiInfo e foram comparados com os resultados da literatura. Resultados: O CAPS "Valter Correia" é composto por 101 pacientes cadastrados, a maioria do sexo masculino (58,4%), analfabetos (51,5%), sem renda mensal (49,5%) e a média de idade deles era de 42,2 anos (DP = 12,0). A esquizofrenia foi o transtorno mental mais freqüente (31,5%). O número médio de medicamentos por pacientes foi de 3,11 (DP = 1,41), e o grupo de pacientes mais velhos (75-80 anos) apresentou o maior consumo de medicamentos (5,50 medicamentos/paciente). A classe de medicamentos psiquiátricos mais prescrita foi a dos antipsicóticos (44,8%). A classe dos inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina foi a mais prevalente classe não-psiquiátrica (15,8%). Foram detectadas 133 interações medicamentosas fármaco-fármaco (3,0% de severidade leve, 54,1% moderada, 29,3% grave e 13,5% contra-indicada). Conclusão: Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de acompanhamento da farmacoterapia de pacientes com transtornos mentais para incentivar o uso racional de medicamentos.

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          Most cited references49

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          The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics

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            Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors versus tricyclic antidepressants: a meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability.

            A meta-analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) against tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in depressed patients was carried out. Efficacy data from 102 randomised controlled trials (10706 patients) were pooled to provide a summary variance-weighted effect size. Tolerability data from 95 studies (10553 patients) were combined to give variance-weighted relative risk of drop out for all reasons and for adverse effects from each study. The effect of age, treatment setting, severity and TCA dose were examined as well as the performance of individual SSRIs and TCAs where there were sufficient studies. There is no overall difference in efficacy between SSRIs and TCAs (effect size -0.03, 95% confidence interval -0.09 to 0.03). TCAs do appear more effective in in-patients (-0.23, -0.40 to -0.05) and amitriptyline is more effective than SSRI comparators (-0.14, -0.25 to -0.03) but publication bias cannot be excluded. The SSRIs are better tolerated, with significantly lower rates of treatment discontinuations overall (relative risk 0.88, 0.83 to 0.93; number needed to treat 26) and due to side effects (0.73, 0.67 to 0.80; number needed to treat 33). Individual SSRIs show a similar advantage except for fluvoxamine which does not differ from the TCAs. Individual TCAs show a similar disadvantage in tolerability compared to SSRIs except for dothiepin against which SSRI treatment results in more side-effect related drop outs (2.64, 1.50 to 4.63; number needed to harm 12). The evidence is from short-term studies and subgroup analyses may result in chance results. Overall efficacy between the two classes is comparable but SSRIs are not proven to be as effective as TCAs in in-patients and against amitriptyline. SSRIs have a modest advantage in terms of tolerability against most TCAs.
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              The ICD-10 classification of mental and BehaviouralDisorders- diagnostic criteria for research

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rpsp
                Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública
                Rev. Port. Sau. Pub.
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (Lisboa )
                0870-9025
                2012
                : 30
                : 1
                : 55-61
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Paraná Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Sergipe Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Sergipe Brazil
                Article
                S0870-90252012000100007
                10.1016/j.rpsp.2012.03.001
                82466909-4cbe-441e-9ba4-26e9a825ec61

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Portugal

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.mec.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0870-9025&lng=en
                Categories
                PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

                Public health
                Psychosocial care center,Drug utilization research,Mental health,Centro de Atenção Psicossocial,Estudo de Utilização de medicamentos,Saúde Mental

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