Renal Tubular TRPA1 as a Risk Factor for Recovery of Renal Function from Acute Tubular Necrosis

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Abstract

Background: Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a redox-sensing Ca ²⁺-influx channel, serves as a gatekeeper for inflammation. However, the role of TRPA1 in kidney injury remains elusive. Methods: The retrospective cohort study recruited 46 adult patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and biopsy-proven acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and followed them up for more than three months. The subjects were divided into high- and low-renal-tubular-TRPA1-expression groups for the comparison of the total recovery of renal function and mortality within three months. The significance of TRPA1 in patient prognosis was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curves and logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 46 adult AKI patients with ATN, 12 totally recovered renal function. The expression level of tubular TRPA1 was detected by quantitative analysis of the immunohistochemistry of biopsy specimens from ATN patients. The AKI patients with high tubular TRPA1 expression showed a high incidence of nontotal renal function recovery than those with low tubular TRPA1 expression (OR = 7.14; 95%CI 1.35–37.75; p = 0.02). High TRPA1 expression was independently associated with nontotal recovery of renal function (adjusted OR = 6.86; 95%CI 1.26–37.27; p = 0.03). Conclusion: High tubular TRPA1 expression was associated with the nontotal recovery of renal function. Further mechanistic studies are warranted.

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TRPA1 mediates the inflammatory actions of environmental irritants and proalgesic agents.

Diana Bautista, Sven-Eric Jordt, Tetsuro Nikai … (2006)

TRPA1 is an excitatory ion channel targeted by pungent irritants from mustard and garlic. TRPA1 has been proposed to function in diverse sensory processes, including thermal (cold) nociception, hearing, and inflammatory pain. Using TRPA1-deficient mice, we now show that this channel is the sole target through which mustard oil and garlic activate primary afferent nociceptors to produce inflammatory pain. TRPA1 is also targeted by environmental irritants, such as acrolein, that account for toxic and inflammatory actions of tear gas, vehicle exhaust, and metabolic byproducts of chemotherapeutic agents. TRPA1-deficient mice display normal cold sensitivity and unimpaired auditory function, suggesting that this channel is not required for the initial detection of noxious cold or sound. However, TRPA1-deficient mice exhibit pronounced deficits in bradykinin-evoked nociceptor excitation and pain hypersensitivity. Thus, TRPA1 is an important component of the transduction machinery through which environmental irritants and endogenous proalgesic agents depolarize nociceptors to elicit inflammatory pain.

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The definition of acute kidney injury and its use in practice

Mark E. Thomas, Caroline Blaine, Anne Dawnay … (2015)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common syndrome that is independently associated with increased mortality. A standardized definition is important to facilitate clinical care and research. The definition of AKI has evolved rapidly since 2004, with the introduction of the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal disease (RIFLE), AKI Network (AKIN), and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classifications. RIFLE was modified for pediatric use (pRIFLE). They were developed using both evidence and consensus. Small rises in serum creatinine are independently associated with increased mortality, and hence are incorporated into the current definition of AKI. The recent definition from the international KDIGO guideline merged RIFLE and AKIN. Systematic review has found that these definitions do not differ significantly in their performance. Health-care staff caring for children or adults should use standard criteria for AKI, such as the pRIFLE or KDIGO definitions, respectively. These efforts to standardize AKI definition are a substantial advance, although areas of uncertainty remain. The new definitions have enabled the use of electronic alerts to warn clinicians of possible AKI. Novel biomarkers may further refine the definition of AKI, but their use will need to produce tangible improvements in outcomes and cost effectiveness. Further developments in AKI definitions should be informed by research into their practical application across health-care providers. This review will discuss the definition of AKI and its use in practice for clinicians and laboratory scientists.

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The functions of TRPA1 and TRPV1: moving away from sensory nerves.

E. Fernandes, M Fernandes, J E Keeble (2012)

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and ankyrin 1 (TRPV1 and TRPA1, respectively) channels are members of the TRP superfamily of structurally related, non-selective cation channels. It is rapidly becoming clear that the functions of TRPV1 and TRPA1 interlink with each other to a considerable extent. This is especially clear in relation to pain and neurogenic inflammation where TRPV1 is coexpressed on the vast majority of TRPA1-expressing sensory nerves and both integrate a variety of noxious stimuli. The more recent discovery that both TRPV1 and TRPA1 are expressed on a multitude of non-neuronal sites has led to a plethora of research into possible functions of these receptors. Non-neuronal cells on which TRPV1 and TRPA1 are expressed vary from vascular smooth muscle to keratinocytes and endothelium. This review will discuss the expression, functionality and roles of these non-neuronal TRP channels away from sensory nerves to demonstrate the diverse nature of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in addition to a direct role in pain and neurogenic inflammation. © 2012 The Authors. British Journal of Pharmacology © 2012 The British Pharmacological Society.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Clin Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Clin Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): jcm

Title: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2077-0383

Publication date (Electronic): 11 December 2019

Publication date Collection: December 2019

Volume: 8

Issue: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: 2187

Affiliations

[1 ]Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; chungkuan.wu@ 123456gmail.com (C.-K.W.); 143843@ 123456cch.org.tw (C.-L.W.)

[2 ]Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan

[3 ]School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan

[4 ]Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan

[5 ]School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan

[6 ]Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; 140062@ 123456cch.org.tw

[7 ]Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; yrkou@ 123456ym.edu.tw

[8 ]Internal Medicine Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; 179297@ 123456cch.org.tw

[9 ]Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; ntutslee@ 123456ntu.edu.tw

[10 ]Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: dctarng@ 123456vghtpe.gov.tw ; Tel.: +886-2-28757517; Fax: +886-2-28757841

Author information

Chung-Kuan Wu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-0167

Chia-Lin Wu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-6956

Der-Cherng Tarng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-2081

Article

Publisher ID: jcm-08-02187

DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122187

PMC ID: 6947213

PubMed ID: 31835897

SO-VID: 829aec29-914b-42c7-839c-28aa76d7dc33

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Renal Tubular TRPA1 as a Risk Factor for Recovery of Renal Function from Acute Tubular Necrosis

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Abstract

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Karger: Nephrology

Most cited references 29

TRPA1 mediates the inflammatory actions of environmental irritants and proalgesic agents.

The definition of acute kidney injury and its use in practice

The functions of TRPA1 and TRPV1: moving away from sensory nerves.

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