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      Influence of massage and occlusion on the ex vivo skin penetration of rigid liposomes and invasomes.

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          Abstract

          Liposomes are frequently described as drug delivery systems for dermal and transdermal applications. Recently, it has been shown that particulate substances penetrate effectively into hair follicles and that the follicular penetration depth can be increased by massaging the skin, which simulates the in vivo movement of hairs in the hair follicles. In the present study, massage was applied to skin mounted to Franz diffusion cells. By means of confocal laser scanning microscopy, the influence of massage and occlusion on the follicular penetration depths of rigid and flexible liposomes loaded with a hydrophilic and lipophilic dye was investigated. The application of massage increased follicular penetration significantly. Occlusion resulted in an increased follicular penetration depth only for rigid liposomes, whereas invasomes did not penetrate more effectively if occlusion was applied. The results confirm that massage is an important tool for increasing follicular penetration in ex vivo studies using Franz diffusion cells. Occlusion may reduce the efficacy of follicular penetration depending on the specific liposomal preparation. Rigidity in particular appears to be a relevant parameter.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Eur J Pharm Biopharm
          European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V
          Elsevier BV
          1873-3441
          0939-6411
          Feb 2014
          : 86
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Zebet at Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany.
          [2 ] Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
          [3 ] Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany; Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
          [4 ] Department of Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
          [5 ] Zebet at Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany.
          [6 ] Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
          [7 ] Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany.
          [8 ] Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology), Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
          [9 ] Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: juergen.lademann@charite.de.
          Article
          S0939-6411(13)00361-5
          10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.11.004
          24252713
          832c7477-c913-4620-b67c-8c53ed98a75c
          History

          Drug delivery,Follicular penetration,Franz diffusion cell,Invasomes,Liposomes,Massage technique

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