Acute effect of a complex training protocol of back squats on 30-m sprint
times of elite male military athletes

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Abstract

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the acute effect temporal of a complex training protocol on 30 meter sprint times. A secondary objective was to evaluate the fatigue indexes of military athletes. [Subjects and Methods] Seven military athletes were the subjects of this study. The variables measured were times in 30-meter sprint, and average power and peak power of squats. The intervention session with complex training consisted of 4 sets of 5 repetitions at 30% 1RM + 4 repetitions at 60% 1RM + 3 repetitions of 30 meters with 120-second rests. For the statistical analysis repeated measures of ANOVA was used, and for the post hoc analysis, student’s t-test was used. [Results] Times in 30 meter sprints showed a significant reduction between the control set and the four experimental sets, but the average power and peak power of squats did not show significant changes. [Conclusion] The results of the study show the acute positive effect of complex training, over time, in 30-meter sprint by military athletes. This effect is due to the post activation potentiation of the lower limbs’ muscles in the 30 meters sprint.

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Most cited references 19

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Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years.

J V Durnin, J. Womersley (1974)

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Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training.

Robert U Newton, Michael McGuigan, Prue Cormie (2010)

To determine whether the magnitude of improvement in athletic performance and the mechanisms driving these adaptations differ in relatively weak individuals exposed to either ballistic power training or heavy strength training. Relatively weak men (n = 24) who could perform the back squat with proficient technique were randomized into three groups: strength training (n = 8; ST), power training (n = 8; PT), or control (n = 8). Training involved three sessions per week for 10 wk in which subjects performed back squats with 75%-90% of one-repetition maximum (1RM; ST) or maximal-effort jump squats with 0%-30% 1RM (PT). Jump and sprint performances were assessed as well as measures of the force-velocity relationship, jumping mechanics, muscle architecture, and neural drive. Both experimental groups showed significant (P < or = 0.05) improvements in jump and sprint performances after training with no significant between-group differences evident in either jump (peak power: ST = 17.7% +/- 9.3%, PT = 17.6% +/- 4.5%) or sprint performance (40-m sprint: ST = 2.2% +/- 1.9%, PT = 3.6% +/- 2.3%). ST also displayed a significant increase in maximal strength that was significantly greater than the PT group (squat 1RM: ST = 31.2% +/- 11.3%, PT = 4.5% +/- 7.1%). The mechanisms driving these improvements included significant (P < or = 0.05) changes in the force-velocity relationship, jump mechanics, muscle architecture, and neural activation that showed a degree of specificity to the different training stimuli. Improvements in athletic performance were similar in relatively weak individuals exposed to either ballistic power training or heavy strength training for 10 wk. These performance improvements were mediated through neuromuscular adaptations specific to the training stimulus. The ability of strength training to render similar short-term improvements in athletic performance as ballistic power training, coupled with the potential long-term benefits of improved maximal strength, makes strength training a more effective training modality for relatively weak individuals.

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Importance of the propulsive phase in strength assessment.

Raul J. Badillo, Kay L Medina, Sergio Perez (2010)

This study analyzed the contribution of the propulsive and braking phases among different percentages of the one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the concentric bench press exercise. One hundred strength-trained men performed a test with increasing loads up to the 1RM for the individual determination of the load-power relationship. The relative load that maximized the mechanical power output (P(max)) was determined using three different parameters: mean concentric power (MP), mean power of the propulsive phase (MPP) and peak power (PP). The load at which the braking phase no longer existed was 76.1+/-7.4% 1RM. P(max) was dependent on the parameter used: MP (54.2%), MPP (36.5%) or PP (37.4%). No significant differences were found for loads between 40-65% 1RM (MP) or 20-55% 1RM (MPP and PP), nor between P(max) (% 1RM) when using MPP or PP. P(max) was independent of relative strength, although certain tendency towards slightly lower loads was detected for the strongest subjects. These results highlight the importance of considering the contribution of the propulsive and braking phases in isoinertial strength and power assessments. Referring the mean mechanical values to the propulsive phase avoids underestimating an individual's true neuromuscular potential when lifting light and medium loads.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Phys Ther Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Phys Ther Sci

Journal ID (publisher-id): JPTS

Title: Journal of Physical Therapy Science

Publisher: The Society of Physical Therapy Science

ISSN (Print): 0915-5287

ISSN (Electronic): 2187-5626

Publication date (Electronic): 31 March 2016

Publication date (Print): March 2016

Volume: 28

Issue: 3

Pages: 752-756

Affiliations

[1) ] Facultad de Educación, Universidad de las Américas: 7 Norte 1348, Viña del Mar, Chile

[2) ] Department of Physical Education and Sport, Universidad de Granada, Spain

[3) ] Department of Nursing, Universidad de Granada, Spain

[4) ] Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author. Álvaro Huerta Ojeda, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de las Américas: 7 Norte 1348, Viña del Mar, Chile. (E-mail: achuertao@ 123456yahoo.es )

Article

Publisher ID: jpts-2015-857

DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.752

PMC ID: 4842434

PubMed ID: 27134353

SO-VID: 834b1a48-19fa-477c-b5c4-96cb13296aa0

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.

Acute effect of a complex training protocol of back squats on 30-m sprint times of elite male military athletes

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Abstract

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cGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications Conference

Most cited references 19

Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years.

Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training.

Importance of the propulsive phase in strength assessment.

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