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      Corynebacterium endocarditis in a patient with a cardiac implantable electronic device Translated title: Endocarditis por Corynebacterium en un paciente portador de un dispositivo electrónico cardiaco implantable

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Abstract Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections have been rising around the world. Many microorganisms can lead to this disease. Corynebacterium species are catalase-positive Gram-positive bacilli, also known as "diphtheroids" or "coryneform" bacteria, were once almost universally dismissed as contamination when recovered from patients, but they are now increasingly being linked to serious infections and have the ability to form biofilms and rarely cause CIED infections and this can be complicated as infective endocarditis. Corynebacterium spp. are frequently overlooked as contaminants in blood cultures, yet they can cause a serious infective endocarditis (IE). Antibiotic resistance is increasing among Corynebacterium spp., and this makes treatment more challenging. There are few reports of IE caused by Corynebacterium spp., and more research is needed. Here, we report a case of 55- year old man with Corynebacterium spp. cardiac device-related infective endocarditis.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Las infecciones por dispositivos electrónicos implantables cardíacos (CIED) han ido en aumento en todo el mundo. Muchos microorganismos pueden conducir esta enfermedad. Las especies de Corynebacterium son bacilos grampositivos catalasa positivos, también conocidos como bacterias "difteroides" o "corineformes" que, alguna vez, se descartaron casi universalmente como contaminación cuando se recuperaron de los pacientes, pero ahora se los vincula cada vez más con infecciones graves y tienen la capacidad de forman biopelículas y rara vez causan infecciones por CIED, y esto puede complicarse como una endocarditis infecciosa. Corynebacterium spp. a menudo se pasan por alto como contaminantes en los hemocultivos, pero pueden causar una endocarditis infecciosa (EI) grave. La resistencia a los antibióticos está aumentando entre Corynebacterium spp., y esto hace que el tratamiento sea más desafiante. Hay pocos informes de EI causada por Corynebacterium spp., y se necesita más investigación. Aquí reportamos un caso de un hombre de 55 años con EI por Corynebacterium spp. relacionada con dispositivos cardíacos.

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          Most cited references15

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          2017 HRS expert consensus statement on cardiovascular implantable electronic device lead management and extraction

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            The genus corynebacterium and other medically relevant coryneform-like bacteria.

            Catalase-positive Gram-positive bacilli, commonly called "diphtheroids" or "coryneform" bacteria were historically nearly always dismissed as contaminants when recovered from patients, but increasingly have been implicated as the cause of significant infections. These taxa have been underreported, and the taxa were taxonomically confusing. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, especially for newly described taxa, were rarely studied. Antibiotic susceptibility data were relatively scant. In this minireview, clinical relevance, phenotypic and genetic identification methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) evaluations, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing involving species in the genus Corynebacterium and other medically relevant Gram-positive rods, collectively called coryneforms, are described.
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              Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and management of implantable cardiac electronic device infection. Report of a joint Working Party project on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC, host organization), British Heart Rhythm Society (BHRS), British Cardiovascular Society (BCS), British Heart Valve Society (BHVS) and British Society for Echocardiography (BSE).

              Infections related to implantable cardiac electronic devices (ICEDs), including pacemakers, implantable cardiac defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices, are increasing in incidence in the USA and are likely to increase in the UK, because more devices are being implanted. These devices have both intravascular and extravascular components and infection can involve the generator, device leads and native cardiac structures or various combinations. ICED infections can be life-threatening, particularly when associated with endocardial infection, and all-cause mortality of up to 35% has been reported. Like infective endocarditis, ICED infections can be difficult to diagnose and manage. This guideline aims to (i) improve the quality of care provided to patients with ICEDs, (ii) provide an educational resource for all relevant healthcare professionals, (iii) encourage a multidisciplinary approach to ICED infection management, (iv) promote a standardized approach to the diagnosis, management, surveillance and prevention of ICED infection through pragmatic evidence-rated recommendations, and (v) advise on future research projects/audit. The guideline is intended to assist in the clinical care of patients with suspected or confirmed ICED infection in the UK, to inform local infection prevention and treatment policies and guidelines and to be used in the development of educational and training material by the relevant professional societies. The questions covered by the guideline are presented at the beginning of each section.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ijm
                Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
                Iberoam J Med
                Hospital San Pedro (Logroño, La Rioja, Spain )
                2695-5075
                2695-5075
                2022
                : 4
                : 3
                : 164-168
                Affiliations
                [2] Canakkale orgnameCanakkale Onsekiz Mart University orgdiv1Faculty of Medicine orgdiv2Department of Cardiology Turquía
                [1] Canakkale orgnameCanakkale Onsekiz Mart University orgdiv1Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Turquía
                [3] Canakkale orgnameCanakkale Onsekiz Mart University orgdiv1Faculty of Medicine orgdiv2Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Turquía
                Article
                S2695-50752022000300006 S2695-5075(22)00400300006
                10.53986/ibjm.2022.0017
                83a7fff0-0462-4f28-9395-3ac256d71460

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 April 2022
                : 28 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Case Report

                Cardiac implantable electronic device,Endocarditis,Corynebacterium,Dispositivos electrónicos implantables cardiacos

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