Sentido de Vida, Bem-Estar Psicológico e Qualidade de Vida em Professores Escolares

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Abstract

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os índices de sentido de vida (SV), de bem-estar psicológico (BEP) e de qualidade de vida (QV) em uma ampla amostra de professores escolares, e observar como o SV poderia atuar como variável moderadora da relação entre o BEP e a QV geral. Participaram do estudo 517 professores, de 57 escolas públicas e privadas da cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, sendo 174 homens e 343 mulheres (idade média de 36,5 anos, DP = 10,34). Os resultados demonstraram que uma parcela significativa de profissionais apresentou índices negativos de SV, BEP e QV. Análises inferenciais apresentaram o SV como uma variável preditora tanto de BEP quanto de QV. Análises de moderação demonstraram que o BEP e a QV geral apresentam correlações distintas para sujeitos com alto e com baixo nível de SV. Reflexões para pesquisas futuras e intervenções em saúde do trabalhador são apontadas.

Translated abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of meaning in life (MIL), psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QOL) in a large sample of school teachers, and to observe to what extent the MIL could act as a moderator variable in the relation between PWB and general QOL. The study included 517 teachers from 57 public and private schools in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, 174 men and 343 women (averaging 36.5 years old, SD = 10.34). The results showed that a significant portion of professionals had negative indexes of MIL, PWB and QOL. Inferential analyses showed MIL as a predictor variable of both PWB and QOL. Moderation analysis demonstrated that the PWB and QOL showed distinct correlations for individuals with high and low levels of MIL. Reflections for future research and occupational health interventions are suggested.

Translated abstract

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los índices de sentido de vida (SV), bienestar psicológico (BP) e calidad de vida (CV) en una amplia muestra de profesores escolares, y observar cómo el sentido de vida podría actuar como una variable moderadora de la relación entre el BP y la CV general. Participaron del estudio 517 profesores, de 57 escuelas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, siendo 174 hombres y 373 mujeres (promedio de 36,5 años, DE = 10,34). Los resultados mostraron que parte significativa de los profesionales presentaron índices negativos de SV, BP y CV. Análisis inferenciales mostraron al SV como una variable predictora, tanto de BP como de CV. Análisis de moderación demostraron que BP y CV presentaron correlaciones diferentes en sujetos con altos y con bajos niveles de SV. Reflexiones para investigaciones futuras e intervenciones en salud del trabajador son señaladas.

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PhD Richard S. Lazarus, PhD Susan Folkman (1984)

The reissue of a classic work, now with a foreword by Daniel Goleman!Here is a monumental work that continues in the tradition pioneered by co-author Richard Lazarus in his classic book Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. Dr. Lazarus and his collaborator, Dr. Susan Folkman, present here a detailed theory of psychological stress, building on the concepts of cognitive appraisal and coping which have become major themes of theory and investigation. As an integrative theoretical analysis, this volume pulls together two decades of research and thought on issues in behavioral medicine, emotion, stress management, treatment, and life span development. A selective review of the most pertinent literature is included in each chapter. The total reference listing for the book extends to 60 pages. This work is necessarily multidisciplinary, reflecting the many dimensions of stress-related problems and their situation within a complex social context. While the emphasis is on psychological aspects of stress, the book is oriented towards professionals in various disciplines, as well as advanced students and educated laypersons. The intended audience ranges from psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, nurses, and social workers to sociologists, anthropologists, medical researchers, and physiologists.

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On the practice of dichotomization of quantitative variables.

Robert MacCallum, Shaobo Zhang, Kristopher J Preacher … (2002)

The authors examine the practice of dichotomization of quantitative measures, wherein relationships among variables are examined after 1 or more variables have been converted to dichotomous variables by splitting the sample at some point on the scale(s) of measurement. A common form of dichotomization is the median split, where the independent variable is split at the median to form high and low groups, which are then compared with respect to their means on the dependent variable. The consequences of dichotomization for measurement and statistical analyses are illustrated and discussed. The use of dichotomization in practice is described, and justifications that are offered for such usage are examined. The authors present the case that dichotomization is rarely defensible and often will yield misleading results.