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      Fracture-Induced Permeability in Whitby Mudstone

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          Abstract

          Shale host rock and containment potential are largely determined by the connected pore network in the rock, and the connection between the pore network and the naturally present or mechanically induced fracture network together determines the total bulk permeability. Pore connectivity in shales is poorly understood because most of the porosity is present in sub-micrometer-sized pores that are connected through nanometer-sized pore throats. We have used a number of different techniques to investigate the microstructure and permeability of Early Jurassic shales from the UK (Whitby Mudstone), under intact and fractured conditions. Whitby Mudstone is a clay matrix-rich rock (50–70%), with different mineralogical layers on the sub-millimeter scale and very low natural permeability (10 –19 to 10 –22 m 2), representative of many gas shales and caprocks present in Europe. Artificial fracturing of this shale increases its permeability by 2–5 orders of magnitude at low confining pressure (5 MPa). At high confining pressures (30 MPa), permeability changes were more sensitive to the measuring direction with respect to the bedding orientation. Given the distinct lack of well-defined damage zones, most of the permeability increase is controlled by fracture permeability, which is sensitive to the coupled hydro-chemo-mechanical response of the fractures to fluids.

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          Validity of Cubic Law for fluid flow in a deformable rock fracture

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            Morphology, Genesis, and Distribution of Nanometer-Scale Pores in Siliceous Mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale

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              A review of recent developments concerning the structure, mechanics and fluid flow properties of fault zones

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Environ Sci Technol
                Environ. Sci. Technol
                es
                esthag
                Environmental Science & Technology
                American Chemical Society
                0013-936X
                1520-5851
                06 July 2020
                04 August 2020
                : 54
                : 15
                : 9564-9572
                Affiliations
                []Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University , 3585 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
                []Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology , 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
                Author notes
                Article
                10.1021/acs.est.0c00557
                7409142
                32628456
                83d09139-a5bd-4007-a30e-eb6e140d83fb
                Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

                This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Non-Commercial No Derivative Works (CC-BY-NC-ND) Attribution License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article, and creation of adaptations, all for non-commercial purposes.

                History
                : 28 January 2020
                : 06 July 2020
                : 02 July 2020
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                es0c00557
                es0c00557

                General environmental science
                General environmental science

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