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      Co-Development of a Web-Based Hub (eSocial-hub) to Combat Social Isolation and Loneliness in Francophone and Anglophone Older People in the Linguistic Minority Context (Quebec, Manitoba, and New Brunswick): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Interventional Study

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          Abstract

          Background

          The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has severely hit Canadian nursing facilities (81% of deaths). To this toll, public health measures (eg, visitation restriction) have subsequently deepened the social isolation and loneliness of residents in nursing facilities (NFs), especially those in linguistic minority settings: Anglophone institutions in Quebec and Francophone institutions outside Quebec. However, very few COVID-19 initiatives targeting these populations specifically have been documented. Given the limited number of NFs serving linguistic minorities in Canadian populations, families and loved ones often live far from these facilities, sometimes even in other provinces. This context places the digital solutions as particularly relevant for the present COVID-19 pandemic as well as in the post–COVID-19 era.

          Objective

          This project aims to co-develop a virtual community of practice through a web-based platform (eSocial-hub) to combat social isolation and loneliness among the older people in linguistic minority settings in Canada.

          Methods

          An interventional study using a sequential mixed methods design will be conducted. Four purposely selected NFs will be included, 2 among facilities in Manitoba and 2 in New Brunswick; and 2 Anglophone NFs in Quebec will serve as knowledge users. The development of eSocial-hub will include an experimental 4-month phase involving the following end users: (1) older people (n=3 per NF), (2) families of the participating older people (n=3 per NF), and (3) frontline staff (nurse and health care aid; n=2 per NF).

          Results

          Activities and solutions aiming at reducing social isolation and loneliness will be implemented and then evaluated with the project stakeholders, and the best practices generated. The assessment will be conducted using indicators derived from the 5 domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The project will be led by an interdisciplinary team and will involve a multisectoral partnership.

          Conclusions

          The project will develop a promising and generalizable solution that uses virtual technology to help reduce social isolation and loneliness among the older people.

          International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

          PRR1-10.2196/30802

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          Most cited references59

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          Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science

          Background Many interventions found to be effective in health services research studies fail to translate into meaningful patient care outcomes across multiple contexts. Health services researchers recognize the need to evaluate not only summative outcomes but also formative outcomes to assess the extent to which implementation is effective in a specific setting, prolongs sustainability, and promotes dissemination into other settings. Many implementation theories have been published to help promote effective implementation. However, they overlap considerably in the constructs included in individual theories, and a comparison of theories reveals that each is missing important constructs included in other theories. In addition, terminology and definitions are not consistent across theories. We describe the Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research (CFIR) that offers an overarching typology to promote implementation theory development and verification about what works where and why across multiple contexts. Methods We used a snowball sampling approach to identify published theories that were evaluated to identify constructs based on strength of conceptual or empirical support for influence on implementation, consistency in definitions, alignment with our own findings, and potential for measurement. We combined constructs across published theories that had different labels but were redundant or overlapping in definition, and we parsed apart constructs that conflated underlying concepts. Results The CFIR is composed of five major domains: intervention characteristics, outer setting, inner setting, characteristics of the individuals involved, and the process of implementation. Eight constructs were identified related to the intervention (e.g., evidence strength and quality), four constructs were identified related to outer setting (e.g., patient needs and resources), 12 constructs were identified related to inner setting (e.g., culture, leadership engagement), five constructs were identified related to individual characteristics, and eight constructs were identified related to process (e.g., plan, evaluate, and reflect). We present explicit definitions for each construct. Conclusion The CFIR provides a pragmatic structure for approaching complex, interacting, multi-level, and transient states of constructs in the real world by embracing, consolidating, and unifying key constructs from published implementation theories. It can be used to guide formative evaluations and build the implementation knowledge base across multiple studies and settings.
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            Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness.

            Qualitative content analysis as described in published literature shows conflicting opinions and unsolved issues regarding meaning and use of concepts, procedures and interpretation. This paper provides an overview of important concepts (manifest and latent content, unit of analysis, meaning unit, condensation, abstraction, content area, code, category and theme) related to qualitative content analysis; illustrates the use of concepts related to the research procedure; and proposes measures to achieve trustworthiness (credibility, dependability and transferability) throughout the steps of the research procedure. Interpretation in qualitative content analysis is discussed in light of Watzlawick et al.'s [Pragmatics of Human Communication. A Study of Interactional Patterns, Pathologies and Paradoxes. W.W. Norton & Company, New York, London] theory of communication.
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              Naturalistic inquiry

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                JMIR Res Protoc
                JMIR Res Protoc
                ResProt
                JMIR Research Protocols
                JMIR Publications (Toronto, Canada )
                1929-0748
                September 2021
                15 September 2021
                15 September 2021
                : 10
                : 9
                : e30802
                Affiliations
                [1 ] École des sciences infirmières Faculté des sciences de la santé Université d'Ottawa Ottawa, ON Canada
                [2 ] College of Nursing Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB Canada
                [3 ] Département des fondements et pratiques en éducation Faculté des sciences de l’éducation Université Laval Québec, QC Canada
                [4 ] Département des sciences infirmières Université du Québec en Outaouais Campus de Saint-Jérôme Campus de Saint-Jérôme, QC Canada
                [5 ] École des hautes études publiques Université de Moncton Campus de Moncton Moncton, NB Canada
                [6 ] Faculté des sciences infirmières Université Laval Québec, QC Canada
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Idrissa Beogo ibeogo@ 123456uottawa.ca
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1467-2169
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2190-5848
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-0478
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0044-8465
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1499-8919
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-2321
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-5283
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0782-5457
                Article
                v10i9e30802
                10.2196/30802
                8767988
                34464326
                83fca7bb-30ce-42c0-97f9-0648b5b9e05c
                ©Idrissa Beogo, Jean Ramdé, Eric Nguemeleu Tchouaket, Drissa Sia, Nebila Jean-Claude Bationo, Stephanie Collin, Abdoulaye Anne, Marie-Pierre Gagnon. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 15.09.2021.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Research Protocols, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.researchprotocols.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

                History
                : 29 May 2021
                : 2 July 2021
                : 15 July 2021
                : 2 August 2021
                Categories
                Protocol
                Protocol

                older people,nursing facility,nursing home,long-term care home,linguistic minority,digital health,covid-19,social isolation,loneliness,older adults,development,isolation,minority,community

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