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      Biosynthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using an endophytic fungal supernatant of Raphanus sativus

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          Graphical abstract

          Highlights

          • Endophytic fungal supernatant mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) .

          • Formations of AgNPs were confirmed by UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, DLS, EDS, TEM and AFM.

          • The synthesised AgNPs show good antimicrobial activity.

          Abstract

          In this study, biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from supernatant of endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. isolated from the healthy leaves of Raphanus sativus is studied. The synthesized AgNPs are characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The structural analysis is done by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The stability of AgNPs is studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. The size and shape of AgNPs are observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and found to be spherical with an average particles size of 4–30 nm. Further, these AgNPs have been found to be highly toxic against human pathogenic bacteria, suggesting the possibility of using AgNPs as efficient antibacterial agents.

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          Most cited references41

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          Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. Part I: recent trends and current status.

          The global problem of antimicrobial resistance is particularly pressing in developing countries, where the infectious disease burden is high and cost constraints prevent the widespread application of newer, more expensive agents. Gastrointestinal, respiratory, sexually transmitted, and nosocomial infections are leading causes of disease and death in the developing world, and management of all these conditions has been critically compromised by the appearance and rapid spread of resistance. In this first part of the review, we have summarised the present state of resistance in these infections from the available data. Even though surveillance of resistance in many developing countries is suboptimal, the general picture is one of accelerating rates of resistance spurred by antimicrobial misuse and shortfalls in infection control and public health. Reservoirs for resistance may be present in healthy human and animal populations. Considerable economic and health burdens emanate from bacterial resistance, and research is needed to accurately quantify the problem and propose and evaluate practicable solutions. In part II, to be published next month, we will review potential containment strategies that could address this burgeoning problem.
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            Topical delivery of silver nanoparticles promotes wound healing.

            Wound healing is a complex process and has been the subject of intense research for a long time. The recent emergence of nanotechnology has provided a new therapeutic modality in silver nanoparticles for use in burn wounds. Nonetheless, the beneficial effects of silver nanoparticles on wound healing remain unknown. We investigated the wound-healing properties of silver nanoparticles in an animal model and found that rapid healing and improved cosmetic appearance occur in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, through quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and proteomic studies, we showed that silver nanoparticles exert positive effects through their antimicrobial properties, reduction in wound inflammation, and modulation of fibrogenic cytokines. These results have given insight into the actions of silver and have provided a novel therapeutic direction for wound treatment in clinical practice.
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              A review on the application of inorganic nano-structured materials in the modification of textiles: focus on anti-microbial properties.

              Textiles can provide a suitable substrate to grow micro-organisms especially at appropriate humidity and temperature in contact to human body. Recently, increasing public concern about hygiene has been driving many investigations for anti-microbial modification of textiles. However, using many anti-microbial agents has been avoided because of their possible harmful or toxic effects. Application of inorganic nano-particles and their nano-composites would be a good alternative. This review paper has focused on the properties and applications of inorganic nano-structured materials with good anti-microbial activity potential for textile modification. The discussed nano-structured anti-microbial agents include TiO(2) nano-particles, metallic and non-metallic TiO(2) nano-composites, titania nanotubes (TNTs), silver nano-particles, silver-based nano-structured materials, gold nano-particles, zinc oxide nano-particles and nano-rods, copper nano-particles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nano-clay and its modified forms, gallium, liposomes loaded nano-particles, metallic and inorganic dendrimers nano-composite, nano-capsules and cyclodextrins containing nano-particles. This review is also concerned with the application methods for the modification of textiles using nano-structured materials. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Genet Eng Biotechnol
                J Genet Eng Biotechnol
                Journal of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology
                Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt
                1687-157X
                2090-5920
                22 April 2017
                June 2017
                22 April 2017
                : 15
                : 1
                : 31-39
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manav Bharti University, Solan 173229, India
                [b ]Department of Biotechnology, G.B.P.E.C., Pauri Garhwal, 246194, India
                [c ]Department of Mechanical Engineering, M.N.I.T. Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
                [d ]Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
                [e ]Department of Applied Sciences, Manav Bharti University, Solan 173229, India
                Author notes
                Article
                S1687-157X(17)30023-9
                10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.04.005
                6296651
                30647639
                843cb9cd-e635-485d-9eed-fcac8f213976
                © 2017 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Academy of Scientific Research & Technology.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 18 October 2016
                : 3 March 2017
                : 8 April 2017
                Categories
                II : Bionanotechnology

                raphanus sativus,alternaria sp.,agnps,tem,afm,antibacterial activity

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