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      Increased Natriuretic Ability and Hypotensive Effect during Short-Term High Calcium Intake in Essential Hypertension

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          Abstract

          The present study has investigated whether an increased natriuresis could account for the hypotensive effect of a high calcium diet which has been reported by others. A calcium supplement (equivalent to 1 g of elemental calcium) was given for 5 days to 18 patients with essential hypertension in a randomized single-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. In 15 of the patients, 2 liters of isotonic saline were infused intravenously over 4 h during the last day of each test period and hourly urine collections were taken. Calcium supplementation produced a mild but significant hypercalcemia as well as increased urinary calcium excretion. Body weight and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly. The blood pressure decrease was indirectly related to the pretreatment plasma renin activity (r = -0.61, p < 0.01). Urinary sodium excretion increased during calcium diet (80 mmol/day negative balance, p < 0.01). During saline infusion under calcium supplementation the urine volume, osmolality and sodium excretion were significantly higher compared with placebo. The changes in urinary sodium excretion correlated positively with the changes in urinary calcium excretion (r = 0.68, p < 0.01) in patients given the high calcium diet, when infused with saline. We conclude that calcium supplementation induces a considerable sodium loss in the urine which is very likely to result in the hypotensive effect.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          NEF
          Nephron
          10.1159/issn.1660-8151
          Nephron
          S. Karger AG
          1660-8151
          2235-3186
          1989
          1989
          09 December 2008
          : 51
          : 4
          : 517-523
          Affiliations
          First Department of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, University of Thessaloniki, Greece
          Article
          185386 Nephron 1989;51:517–523
          10.1159/000185386
          2662037
          847a5889-5a70-484e-aa30-79ee3292a574
          © 1989 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          : 07 June 1988
          Page count
          Pages: 7
          Categories
          Original Paper

          Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
          Calcium supplementation,Hypotensive action of calcium,Diuretic-natriuretic effect of calcium

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