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      Utilidad del Extracto de Mangifera Indica L (VIMANG) en el Síndrome Doloroso Regional Complejo: A propósito de un caso Translated title: Usefulness of Mangifera Indica L (Vimang®) in the treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): A case report

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          Abstract

          Los avances en el conocimiento actual de la fisiopatología del Síndrome Doloroso Regional Complejo (SDRC), conducen a la búsqueda de nuevos fármacos dirigidos a los blancos moleculares que se involucran en sus complejos mecanismos. En la actualidad se considera el papel activo de la neuroinflamación en el fenómeno de hiperexcitabilidad del cuerno dorsal espinal y el establecimiento de la sensibilización central dentro de sus procesos subyacentes. El Extracto obtenido de la corteza de variedades seleccionadas de la especie Mangifera indica L. y que se comercializa en Cuba bajo la Marca Registrada VIMANG®, posee actividad antioxidante, antiinflamatoria y antihiperalgésica in vivo. Por otra parte estudios in vitro demostraron su efecto inhibidor sobre múltiples moléculas que participan en la cascada de la sensibilización central y en un modelo de isquemia-reperfusión sus cualidades neuroprotectoras. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con diagnóstico de SDRC tipo II, secundario a una lesión del plexo braquial, con sección del nervio radial a nivel humeral que fue provocada por el desplazamiento de la fractura del húmero izquierdo. La paciente llega a nuestro servicio a los 4 meses de evolución, con síntomas sensoriales, dolor persistente quemante y paroxístico, alodinia mecánica, edema, cambios vasomotores hacia la hiperhemia y mano en flexión por pérdida de la función motora de los músculos extensores del antebrazo. Con compromiso de la articulación del carpo y hombro de limitación severa y dolor de valor 5 en una escala numérica de Likert. El estudio de conducción nerviosa mostró alteraciones mielínico-axonales discretas del nervio mediano y mielínico-axonales severas del nervio radial. Se instauró el tratamiento con Vimang (300mg) 2 tabletas cada 8 horas por 4 meses y la aplicación local de la crema Vimang 3 veces al día, asociado a los bloqueos simpáticos y somáticos para miembro superior y a la fisioterapia. La evolución clínica y electrofisiológica fue muy favorable. Este caso constituye el primero descrito en la literatura, en el cual se introduce este producto a la terapia múltiple del síndrome, se deben dirigir los estudios básicos y clínicos en este sentido, dadas las posibilidades terapéuticas del Vimang® en el SDRC.

          Translated abstract

          Advances in our understanding of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) physiopathology have led to new drugs targeted toward molecular mediators involved in the complex mechanisms of pain. Neuroinflammation is thought to have an active role in phenomena underlying spinal cord dorsal horn hyperexcitability and the establishment of central sensitivity. An extract from the bark of selected Mangifera indica L species, registered under the Vimang® Trade Mark in Cuba, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihyperanalgesic activity in vivo. In Vitro studies have demonstrated that it has an inhibitory effect on several molecules mediating the central sensitization cascade and an ischemic-reperfusion model has proved its cerebral neuroprotective qualities. We present a patient with type II CRPS secondary to a brachial plexus lesión following a displaced left humerus fracture that sectioned the radius nerve. The patient presented in our pain clinic four months after the accident with sensorial symptoms, persistent burning pain mechanical allodynia, oedema, vasomotor alterations tending to hyperhaemia and a flexed hand due to loss of the motor function in the fore arm extensors. Carpal and shoulder Joint movement was severely limited and she scored 5 on the Likert pain scale. Electrophysiological study revealed mild myelin-axonal alterations in the median nerve and severe alterations in the radial nerve. Treatment with Vimang (300 mg; 2 tablets/8 hours/4 months) with topical administration of Vimang cream 3 times per day combined with sympathetic and somatic nerve blocks in the upper limb and physiotherapy were begun. The patient's clinical and electrophysiological evolution was very favourable. This is the first description of the use of this product in combined CRPS therapy. Our results indicate that further basic and clinical research into the use of Vimang® for CRPS is Justified.

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          Most cited references45

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          Evidence of focal small-fiber axonal degeneration in complex regional pain syndrome-I (reflex sympathetic dystrophy).

          CRPS-I consists of post-traumatic limb pain and autonomic abnormalities that continue despite apparent healing of inciting injuries. The cause of symptoms is unknown and objective findings are few, making diagnosis and treatment controversial, and research difficult. We tested the hypotheses that CRPS-I is caused by persistent minimal distal nerve injury (MDNI), specifically distal degeneration of small-diameter axons. These subserve pain and autonomic function. We studied 18 adults with IASP-defined CRPS-I affecting their arms or legs. We studied three sites on subjects' CRPS-affected and matching contralateral limb; the CRPS-affected site, and nearby unaffected ipsilateral and matching contralateral control sites. We performed quantitative mechanical and thermal sensory testing (QST) followed by quantitation of epidermal neurite densities within PGP9.5-immunolabeled skin biopsies. Seven adults with chronic leg pain, edema, disuse, and prior surgeries from trauma or osteoarthritis provided symptom-matched controls. CRPS-I subjects had representative histories and symptoms. Medical procedures were unexpectedly frequently associated with CRPS onset. QST revealed mechanical allodynia (P<0.03) and heat-pain hyperalgesia (P<0.04) at the CRPS-affected site. Axonal densities were highly correlated between subjects' ipsilateral and contralateral control sites (r=0.97), but were diminished at the CRPS-affected sites of 17/18 subjects, on average by 29% (P<0.001). Overall, control subjects had no painful-site neurite reductions (P=1.00), suggesting that pain, disuse, or prior surgeries alone do not explain CRPS-associated neurite losses. These results support the hypothesis that CRPS-I is specifically associated with post-traumatic focal MDNI affecting nociceptive small-fibers. This type of nerve injury will remain undetected in most clinical settings.
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            Effect of vitamin C on frequency of reflex sympathetic dystrophy in wrist fractures: a randomised trial.

            The pathogenesis of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is not clear, nor is there a definitive treatment for this syndrome. The morbidity, costs in health care, and loss of work time justify the search for a means to prevent post-traumatic dystrophy. Although the role of toxic oxygen radicals has not yet been clarified, we investigated vitamin C (ascorbic acid) as a prophylactic antioxidant drug. 123 adults with 127 conservatively treated wrist fractures were randomly allocated in a double-blind trial to take a capsule of 500 mg vitamin C or placebo daily for 50 days. Each participant's sex, age, side of fracture, dominance, fracture type, dislocation, reduction, and complaints with the plaster cast were recorded, and they were clinically scored for RSD. The follow-up lasted 1 year. Eight patients were withdrawn after randomisation. 52 patients with 54 fractures (male 22%, female 78%; mean age 57 years) received vitamin C and 63 patients with 65 fractures (male 20%, female 80%; mean age 60 years) received placebo. RSD occurred in four (7%) wrists in the vitamin C group and 14 (22%) in the placebo group 15% (95% CI for differences 2-26). Other significant prognostic variables for the occurrence of RSD were complaints while wearing the cast (relative risk 0.17 [0.07-0.41]) and fracture type (0.37 [0.16-0.89]). This prospective, double-blind study shows that vitamin C was associated with a lower risk of RSD after wrist fractures. Our hypothesis is that this beneficial effect of prophylaxis would be useful in other forms of trauma.
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              In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Mangifera indica L. extract (VIMANG).

              A standard aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L., used in Cuba as an antioxidant under the brand name of VIMANG, was tested in vivo for its anti-inflammatory activity using commonly accepted assays. M. indica extract, administered topically (0.5-2 mg per ear), reduced ear edema induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, ED50 = 1.1 mg per ear) in mice. In the PMA model, M. indica extract also reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. This extract p.o. administered also inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) serum levels in both models of inflammation (AA, ED50 = 106.1 mg kg(-1) and PMA, ED50 = 58.2 mg kg(-1)). In vitro studies were performed using the macrophage cell line RAW264.7 stimulated with pro-inflammatory stimuli (LPS-IFNgamma or the calcium ionophore A23187) to determine PGE2 or LTB4 release, respectively. The extract inhibited the induction of PGE2 with IC50 = 64.1 microg ml(-1) and LTB4 IC50 = 22.9 microg ml(-1). M. indica extract also inhibited human synovial secretory phospholipase (PL)A2 with IC 50 = 0.7 microg ml(-1). These results represent an important contribution to the elucidation of the mechanism involved in the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects reported by the standard M. indica extract VIMANG. Copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                dolor
                Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor
                Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor
                Inspira Network Group, S.L (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1134-8046
                October 2007
                : 14
                : 7
                : 494-500
                Affiliations
                [03] orgnameInsituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana
                [02] orgnameCentro de Química Farmacéutica orgdiv1Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas
                [08] orgnameInsituto de Medicina del Deporte Calle 10 y 100
                [05] orgnameSociedad Cubana de Farmacología
                [06] orgnameCentro de Química Farmacéutica orgdiv1Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas orgdiv2Laboratorio de Farmacología
                [01] orgnameSociedad Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación orgdiv1Sección para el Estudio y Tratamiento del Dolor
                [04] orgnameHDCQ 10 de Octubre orgdiv1Clínica del Dolor
                [07] orgnameHDCQ 10 de Octubre orgdiv1Servicio de Reumatología orgdiv2Departamento de Fisiatría y Rehabilitación
                Article
                S1134-80462007000700005
                84eb48f8-0b55-400e-a60c-04e744187b01

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 August 2007
                : 02 July 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                SDRC,dolor neuropático,Vimang®,Complex Regional Pain Syndrome,neuropathic pain

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