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      Rotura de la pared libre del ventrículo izquierdo secundaria a infarto agudo de miocardio Translated title: Left Ventricular Free-Wall Rupture After Acute Myocardial Infarction

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          Abstract

          Aunque la terapia trombolítica y la angioplastia primaria han cambiado radicalmente el manejo, la evolución y el pronóstico del infarto agudo de miocardio, la rotura de la pared libre del ventrículo izquierdo todavía implica una tasa elevada de mortalidad. Si bien la mayoría de los pacientes con esta complicación presentan un cuadro agudo y catastrófico, que se caracteriza por taponamiento cardíaco, disociación electromecánica y muerte en pocos minutos, aproximadamente un tercio de ellos tienen una evolución subaguda con hipotensión sostenida y diversos grados de derrame pericárdico, lo que posibilita la implementación de medidas terapéuticas necesarias como puente al tratamiento quirúrgico resolutivo. En este trabajo se presenta una revisión actualizada de las características clínicas y ecocardiográficas de los pacientes con rotura de la pared libre del ventrículo izquierdo asociada con infarto agudo de miocardio, con el objetivo de destacar los puntos clave del diagnóstico e incrementar la sospecha clínica de una entidad grave, no siempre fatal.

          Translated abstract

          Thrombolytic therapy and primary angioplasty have modified the management, evolution and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction; however, mortality from left ventricular free-wall rupture still remains extremely high. The occurrence of this complication is sudden and catastrophic in most patients, and is characterized by cardiac tamponade, electromechanical dissociation and immediate death; however, approximately one third of patients present subacute cardiac rupture with sustained hypotension and pericardial effusion of diverse sizes that allow the implementation of therapeutic measures as a bridge to surgery with repair of the myocardial rupture. In this paper, we provide an update on the clinical and echocardiographic features of patients with left ventricular free-wall rupture complicating an acute myocardial infarction in order to highlight the key diagnostic points and increase the clinical suspect of a severe condition that is not always fatal.

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          Most cited references80

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          RANDOMISED TRIAL OF INTRAVENOUS STREPTOKINASE, ORAL ASPIRIN, BOTH, OR NEITHER AMONG 17 187 CASES OF SUSPECTED ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ISIS-2

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            EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYTIC TREATMENT IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

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              Relationship between Plasma Level of Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Myocardial Infarct Size

              To investigate the clinical significance of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), circulating levels of BNP, atrial natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase (CK), and hemodynamic parameters were serially determined in 24 patients with a first episode of acute MI. Plasma BNP (mean ± SEM) gradually increased and peaked 21 h after the onset (from 13.7 ± 2.2 to 23.0 ± 3.3 fmol/ml; p < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between the increase in plasma BNP level and both the peak CK level (r = 0.83; p < 0.05) and the MI size (r = 0.74; p < 0.05). The increase in plasma BNP in the acute phase was found to be a significant predictor of left ventricular (LV) function evaluated in the convalescent phase (LV ejection fraction, r = -0.63; p < 0.05, LV end-diastolic pressure, r = 0.56; p < 0.05). In conclusion, in patients with acute MI, increases in plasma BNP concentration during the early phase reflect MI size, and thereby may predict later LV function.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rac
                Revista argentina de cardiología
                Rev. argent. cardiol.
                Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires )
                1850-3748
                October 2009
                : 77
                : 5
                : 395-404
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Clínica Santa Isabel Argentina
                [2 ] Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología Argentina
                [3 ] Clínica Santa Isabel Argentina
                Article
                S1850-37482009000500011
                84fcc47f-0d8e-4796-9d91-a9e8bd80f840

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
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                SciELO Argentina

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1850-3748&lng=en
                Categories
                CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

                Cardiovascular Medicine
                Myocardial Infarction,Heart Rupture,Heart Ventricles,Infarto del miocardio,Rotura cardíaca,Ventrículos cardíacos

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