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      Professional quality of life amongst nurses in psychiatric observation units

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          Abstract

          Background

          Professional quality of life amongst nurses in psychiatric observations units may be affected by working conditions such as an overflow of mental health care users (MHCUs), a shortage of nurses, lack of specialised staff and inadequate infrastructure to accommodate MHCUs amongst others.

          Aim

          The aim of the study was to investigate the professional quality of life amongst nurses in psychiatric observation units.

          Setting

          The study was conducted in psychiatric observation units in eight hospitals in the Metropole District Health Services in the Western Cape.

          Method

          A quantitative descriptive survey design using the Professional Quality of Life (ProQoL version 5) questionnaire was conducted with an all-inclusive sample of 175 nurses. The ProQoL has two scales, namely, the compassion satisfaction and the compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue includes two subscales, burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Ethics to conduct the study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee at the university and the Department of Health in the Western Cape.

          Results

          A response rate of 93% ( n = 163) was obtained. Respondents reported moderate compassion satisfaction. Psychiatric nurse specialists and registered nurses reported lower compassion satisfaction than enrolled nurses and nursing assistants. This came with moderate levels of burnout and high levels of secondary traumatic stress, with enrolled nurses and enrolled nursing assistants reporting lower levels than the other professional groups.

          Conclusion

          Psychiatric nurse specialists and registered nurses experienced higher burnout and secondary traumatic stress and lower compassion satisfaction than the lower categories of nurses.

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          Most cited references26

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          The South African Stress and Health (SASH) study: 12-month and lifetime prevalence of common mental disorders.

          The South African Stress and Health (SASH) study is the first large-scale population-based study of common mental disorders in the country. This paper provides data on the 12-month and lifetime prevalence of these conditions. Data from a nationally representative sample of 4351 adults were analysed. Mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). An extensive survey questionnaire detailed contextual and socio-demographic factors, onset and course of mental disorders, and risk factors. Simple weighted cross-tabulation methods were used to estimate prevalence, and logistic regression analysis was used to study correlates of 12-month and lifetime prevalence. The lifetime prevalence for any disorder was 30.3%, and the most prevalent 12-month and lifetime disorders were the anxiety disorders. The Western Cape had the highest 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates, and the lowest rates were in the Northern Cape. The SASH study shows relatively high 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates. These findings have significant implications for planning mentalhealth services.
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            Mental health system costs, resources and constraints in South Africa: a national survey

            Abstract The inclusion of mental health in the Sustainable Development Goals represents a global commitment to include mental health among the highest health and development priorities for investment. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as South Africa, contemplating mental health system scale-up embedded into wider universal health coverage-related health system transformations, require detailed and locally derived estimates on existing mental health system resources and constraints. The absence of these data has limited scale-up efforts to address the burden of mental disorders in most LMICs. We conducted a national survey to quantify public expenditure on mental health and evaluate the constraints of the South African mental health system. The study found that South Africa’s public mental health expenditure in the 2016/17 financial year was USD615.3 million, representing 5.0% of the total public health budget (provincial range: 2.1–7.7% of provincial health budgets) and USD13.3 per capita uninsured. Inpatient care represented 86% of mental healthcare expenditure, with nearly half of total mental health spending occurring at the psychiatric hospital-level. Almost one-quarter of mental health inpatients are readmitted to hospital within 3 months of a previous discharge, costing the public health system an estimated USD112 million. Crude estimates indicate that only 0.89% and 7.35% of the uninsured population requiring care received some form of public inpatient and outpatient mental healthcare, during the study period. Further, mental health human resource availability, infrastructure and medication supply are significant constraints to the realization of the country’s progressive mental health legislation. For the first time, this study offers a nationally representative reflection of the state of mental health spending and elucidates inefficiencies and constraints emanating from existing mental health investments in South Africa. With this information at hand, the government now has a baseline for which a rational process to planning for system reforms can be initiated.
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              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              The South African Stress and Health (SASH) study: 12-month and lifetime prevalence of common mental disorders

              BACKGROUND: The South African Stress and Health (SASH) study is the first large-scale population-based study of common mental disorders in the country. This paper provides data on the 12-month and lifetime prevalence of these conditions. METHODS: Data from a nationally representative sample of 4 351 adults were analysed. Mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). An extensive survey questionnaire detailed contextual and socio-demographic factors, onset and course of mental disorders, and risk factors. Simple weighted cross-tabulation methods were used to estimate prevalence, and logistic regression analysis was used to study correlates of 12-month and lifetime prevalence. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence for any disorder was 30.3%, and the most prevalent 12-month and lifetime disorders were the anxiety disorders. The Western Cape had the highest 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates, and the lowest rates were in the Northern Cape. CONCLUSIONS: The SASH study shows relatively high 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates. These findings have significant implications for planning mental health services.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                S Afr J Psychiatr
                S Afr J Psychiatr
                SAJPsy
                The South African Journal of Psychiatry : SAJP : the Journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa
                AOSIS
                1608-9685
                2078-6786
                25 August 2020
                2020
                : 26
                : 1553
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Nursing, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Jennifer Chipps, jchipps@ 123456uwc.ac.za
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-2319
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4848-3350
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7895-4483
                Article
                SAJPsy-26-1553
                10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v26i0.1553
                7479368
                32934843
                85233524-53f6-47ff-a0a7-688868f213c8
                © 2020. The Authors

                Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.

                History
                : 01 May 2020
                : 11 June 2020
                Categories
                Original Research

                burnout,compassion fatigue,compassion satisfaction,professional quality of life,secondary traumatic stress

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