48
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Tiotropium modulates transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) in airway sensory nerves: A beneficial off-target effect?

      research-article
      , PhD, , BSc, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD, , PhD
      The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
      Mosby
      Sensory nerves, vagus, cough, ion channels, capsaicin, anticholinergics, [Ca2+]i, Intracellular calcium, COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DiI, DilC18(3)-1,1′-dioctacetyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate, DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide, ECS, Extracellular solution, K50, 50 mmol/L potassium chloride extracellular solution, LAMA, Long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist, MCh, Methacholine, Penh, Enhanced pause, PGE2, Prostaglandin E2, RTX, Resiniferatoxin, TRP, Transient receptor potential, URI, Upper respiratory tract infection

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Recent studies have suggested that the long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist tiotropium, a drug widely prescribed for its bronchodilator activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, improves symptoms and attenuates cough in preclinical and clinical tussive agent challenge studies. The mechanism by which tiotropium modifies tussive responses is not clear, but an inhibition of vagal tone and a consequent reduction in mucus production from submucosal glands and bronchodilation have been proposed.

          Objective

          The aim of this study was to investigate whether tiotropium can directly modulate airway sensory nerve activity and thereby the cough reflex.

          Methods

          We used a conscious cough model in guinea pigs, isolated vagal sensory nerve and isolated airway neuron tissue– and cell-based assays, and in vivo single-fiber recording electrophysiologic techniques.

          Results

          Inhaled tiotropium blocked cough and single C-fiber firing in the guinea pig to the transient receptor potential (TRP) V1 agonist capsaicin, a clinically relevant tussive stimulant. Tiotropium and ipratropium, a structurally similar muscarinic antagonist, inhibited capsaicin responses in isolated guinea pig vagal tissue, but glycopyrrolate and atropine did not. Tiotropium failed to modulate other TRP channel–mediated responses. Complementary data were generated in airway-specific primary ganglion neurons, demonstrating that tiotropium inhibited capsaicin-induced, but not TRPA1-induced, calcium movement and voltage changes.

          Conclusion

          For the first time, we have shown that tiotropium inhibits neuronal TRPV1-mediated effects through a mechanism unrelated to its anticholinergic activity. We speculate that some of the clinical benefit associated with taking tiotropium (eg, in symptom control) could be explained through this proposed mechanism of action.

          Related collections

          Most cited references46

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          N-((1S)-1-{[4-((2S)-2-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-3-hydroxypropanoyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl}-3-methylbutyl)-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide (GSK1016790A), a novel and potent transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel agonist induces urinary bladder contraction and hyperactivity: Part I.

          The transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) member of the TRP superfamily has recently been implicated in numerous physiological processes. In this study, we describe a small molecule TRPV4 channel activator, (N-((1S)-1-{[4-((2S)-2-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-3-hydroxypropanoyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl}-3-methylbutyl)-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide (GSK1016790A), which we have used as a valuable tool in investigating the role of TRPV4 in the urinary bladder. GSK1016790A elicited Ca2+ influx in mouse and human TRPV4-expressing human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells (EC50 values of 18 and 2.1 nM, respectively), and it evoked a dose-dependent activation of TRPV4 whole-cell currents at concentrations above 1 nM. In contrast, the TRPV4 activator 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4alpha-PDD) was 300-fold less potent than GSK1016790A in activating TRPV4 currents. TRPV4 mRNA was detected in urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) and urothelium of TRPV4+/+ mouse bladders. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry demonstrated protein expression in both the UBSM and urothelium that was absent in TRPV4-/- bladders. TRPV4 activation with GSK1016790A contracted TRPV4+/+ mouse bladders in vitro, both in the presence and absence of the urothelium, an effect that was undetected in TRPV4-/- bladders. Consistent with the effects on TRPV4 HEK whole-cell currents, 4alpha-PDD demonstrated a weak ability to contract bladder strips compared with GSK1016790A. In vivo, urodynamics in TRPV4+/+ and TRPV4-/- mice revealed an enhanced bladder capacity in the TRPV4-/- mice. Infusion of GSK1016790A into the bladders of TRPV4+/+ mice induced bladder overactivity with no effect in TRPV4-/- mice. Overall TRPV4 plays an important role in urinary bladder function that includes an ability to contract the bladder as a result of the expression of TRPV4 in the UBSM.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Tiotropium bromide step-up therapy for adults with uncontrolled asthma.

            Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) therapy improves symptoms in patients whose asthma is poorly controlled by an inhaled glucocorticoid alone. Alternative treatments for adults with uncontrolled asthma are needed. In a three-way, double-blind, triple-dummy crossover trial involving 210 patients with asthma, we evaluated the addition of tiotropium bromide (a long-acting anticholinergic agent approved for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but not asthma) to an inhaled glucocorticoid, as compared with a doubling of the dose of the inhaled glucocorticoid (primary superiority comparison) or the addition of the LABA salmeterol (secondary noninferiority comparison). The use of tiotropium resulted in a superior primary outcome, as compared with a doubling of the dose of an inhaled glucocorticoid, as assessed by measuring the morning peak expiratory flow (PEF), with a mean difference of 25.8 liters per minute (P<0.001) and superiority in most secondary outcomes, including evening PEF, with a difference of 35.3 liters per minute (P<0.001); the proportion of asthma-control days, with a difference of 0.079 (P=0.01); the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) before bronchodilation, with a difference of 0.10 liters (P=0.004); and daily symptom scores, with a difference of -0.11 points (P<0.001). The addition of tiotropium was also noninferior to the addition of salmeterol for all assessed outcomes and increased the prebronchodilator FEV1 more than did salmeterol, with a difference of 0.11 liters (P=0.003). When added to an inhaled glucocorticoid, tiotropium improved symptoms and lung function in patients with inadequately controlled asthma. Its effects appeared to be equivalent to those with the addition of salmeterol. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00565266.).
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Muscarinic receptor signaling in the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD

              Anticholinergics are widely used for the treatment of COPD, and to a lesser extent for asthma. Primarily used as bronchodilators, they reverse the action of vagally derived acetylcholine on airway smooth muscle contraction. Recent novel studies suggest that the effects of anticholinergics likely extend far beyond inducing bronchodilation, as the novel anticholinergic drug tiotropium bromide can effectively inhibit accelerated decline of lung function in COPD patients. Vagal tone is increased in airway inflammation associated with asthma and COPD; this results from exaggerated acetylcholine release and enhanced expression of downstream signaling components in airway smooth muscle. Vagally derived acetylcholine also regulates mucus production in the airways. A number of recent research papers also indicate that acetylcholine, acting through muscarinic receptors, may in part regulate pathological changes associated with airway remodeling. Muscarinic receptor signalling regulates airway smooth muscle thickening and differentiation, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, acetylcholine and its synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyl transferase (ChAT), are ubiquitously expressed throughout the airways. Most notably epithelial cells and inflammatory cells generate acetylcholine, and express functional muscarinic receptors. Interestingly, recent work indicates the expression and function of muscarinic receptors on neutrophils is increased in COPD. Considering the potential broad role for endogenous acetylcholine in airway biology, this review summarizes established and novel aspects of muscarinic receptor signaling in relation to the pathophysiology and treatment of asthma and COPD.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Allergy Clin Immunol
                J. Allergy Clin. Immunol
                The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
                Mosby
                0091-6749
                1097-6825
                1 March 2014
                March 2014
                : 133
                : 3
                : 679-687.e9
                Affiliations
                [1]Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author: Maria G. Belvisi, PhD, Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom. m.belvisi@ 123456imperial.ac.uk
                Article
                S0091-6749(13)01856-3
                10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.003
                3969581
                24506933
                857f0e54-97a5-453b-96d0-9f310fa76829
                © 2014 The Authors

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 24 September 2013
                : 22 November 2013
                : 2 December 2013
                Categories
                Asthma and Lower Airway Disease

                Immunology
                sensory nerves,vagus,cough,ion channels,capsaicin,anticholinergics,[ca2+]i, intracellular calcium,copd, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,dii, dilc18(3)-1,1′-dioctacetyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate,dmso, dimethyl sulfoxide,ecs, extracellular solution,k50, 50 mmol/l potassium chloride extracellular solution,lama, long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist,mch, methacholine,penh, enhanced pause,pge2, prostaglandin e2,rtx, resiniferatoxin,trp, transient receptor potential,uri, upper respiratory tract infection

                Comments

                Comment on this article