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      Efeitos das consequências verbais sobre o seguir regras Translated title: Effects of verbal consequences on rule following

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          Abstract

          Investigando os efeitos de consequências verbais sobre o seguir regras, 16 crianças foram expostas a um procedimento de emparelhamento com o modelo, sob o controle de estímulos contextuais. A tarefa era tocar um dos estímulos de comparação na presença de uma luz. O comportamento era estabelecido por regra na Fase 1. As contingências na Fase 1 eram alteradas na Fase 2, restabelecidas na Fase 3, novamente alteradas na Fase 4, e restabelecidas na Fase 5. Nas condições em que a consequência verbal "Certo" não foi apresentada, o seguir a regra foi mais provável de ser mantido quando deixou de produzir o reforço programado e foi mais provável de ser abandonado quando produziu a perda do reforço programado. Quando o seguir a regra passou a produzir a consequência verbal "Certo", o seguir a regra tendeu a ser mantido, independentemente de esse comportamento também deixar de produzir o reforço programado ou de produzir a perda do reforço programado. Os resultados sugerem que consequências verbais podem contribuir para manter o seguimento de regra, impedindo que variáveis que favorecem o abandono do seguimento de regra exerçam os seus efeitos. Sugerem também as propriedades formais das consequências verbais são relevantes para a determinação de seus efeitos.

          Translated abstract

          To investigate the effects of verbal consequences on rule following, 16 children were exposed to a matchingto- sample procedure under contextual control. The subject had to touch the comparison stimuli when a light was on. The behavior was established by rule in Phase 1. The contingencies in Phase 1 were changed in Phase 2, reestablished in Phase 3, changed again in Phase 4, and reestablished in Phase 5. In the conditions where the verbal consequence "Correct" was not presented, the probability of following the rule was higher when programmed reinforcement was suspended than when there was loss of reinforcers. When following the rule began to result in the verbal consequence "Right", following the rule was prone to be maintained, independent of interruption of presentation or loss of programmed reinforcers. The results suggest that verbal consequences may contribute to maintain rule following, blocking the effect of variables that lead to stop rule following; it is suggested that the formal properties of verbal consequences are relevant in defining their effects.

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          Rule-governed behavior and sensitivity to changing consequences of responding

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            Contingency-shaped and rule-governed behavior: instructional control of human loss avoidance

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              The nature of control by spoken words over visual stimulus selection.

              Eight retarded adolescents were trained to select one (a trained S+) of two visual stimuli in response to a spoken word (a trained word). Two different visual stimuli alternated randomly as the S-. To determine if the spoken work was merely a temporal discriminative stimulus for when to respond, or if it also specified which visual stimulus to select, the subjects were given intermittent presentations of untrained (novel) spoken words. All subjects consistently selected the trained S+ in response to the trained spoken word and selected the previous S- in response to the untrained spoken words. It was hypothesized that the subjects were responding away from the trained S+ in response to untrained spoken words, and control by untrained spoken words would not be observed when the trained S+ was not present. The two visual S- stimuli selected on trials of untrained spoken words were presented simultaneously. The untrained spoken words presented on these trials no longer controlled stimulus selections for seven subjects. The results supported the hypothesis that previous control by spoken words was due to responding away from the trained S+ in response to untrained spoken words.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                actac
                Acta Comportamentalia
                Acta comport.
                Universidad de Guadalajara (Guadalajara, , Mexico )
                0188-8145
                2013
                : 21
                : 2
                : 159-173
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal do Pará Brasil
                Article
                S0188-81452013000200002 S0188-8145(13)02100202
                859aabb4-5ac2-4cf2-b88f-ea3d9e9b2707

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 February 2012
                : 05 October 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

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                verbal consequences,formal properties of verbal stimuli,control by immediate consequences,propriedades formais de estímulos verbais,controle por regras,consequências verbais,controle pelas consequências imediatas,control by rules

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