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      Three-flavour neutrino oscillation update

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          Abstract

          We review the present status of three-flavour neutrino oscillations, taking into account the latest available neutrino oscillation data presented at the Neutrino 2008 Conference. This includes the data released this summer by the MINOS collaboration, the data of the neutral current counter phase of the SNO solar neutrino experiment, as well as the latest KamLAND and Borexino data. We give the updated determinations of the leading 'solar' and 'atmospheric' oscillation parameters. We find from global data that the mixing angle \(\theta_{13}\) is consistent with zero within \(0.9\sigma\) and we derive an upper bound of \(\sin^2\theta_{13} < 0.035 (0.056)\) at 90% CL (3\(\sigma\)).

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          The chemical composition of the Sun

          The solar chemical composition is an important ingredient in our understanding of the formation, structure and evolution of both the Sun and our solar system. Furthermore, it is an essential reference standard against which the elemental contents of other astronomical objects are compared. In this review we evaluate the current understanding of the solar photospheric composition. In particular, we present a re-determination of the abundances of nearly all available elements, using a realistic new 3-dimensional (3D), time-dependent hydrodynamical model of the solar atmosphere. We have carefully considered the atomic input data and selection of spectral lines, and accounted for departures from LTE whenever possible. The end result is a comprehensive and homogeneous compilation of the solar elemental abundances. Particularly noteworthy findings are significantly lower abundances of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and neon compared with the widely-used values of a decade ago. The new solar chemical composition is supported by a high degree of internal consistency between available abundance indicators, and by agreement with values obtained in the solar neighborhood and from the most pristine meteorites. There is, however, a stark conflict with standard models of the solar interior according to helioseismology, a discrepancy that has yet to find a satisfactory resolution.
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            Status of global fits to neutrino oscillations

            We review the present status of global analyses of neutrino oscillations, taking into account the most recent neutrino data including the latest KamLAND and K2K updates presented at Neutrino2004, as well as state-of-the-art solar and atmospheric neutrino flux calculations. We give the two-neutrino solar + KamLAND results, as well as two-neutrino atmospheric + K2K oscillation regions, discussing in each case the robustness of the oscillation interpretation against departures from the Standard Solar Model and the possible existence of non-standard neutrino physics. Furthermore, we give the best fit values and allowed ranges of the three-flavour oscillation parameters from the current worlds' global neutrino data sample and discuss in detail the status of the small parameters \(\alpha \equiv \Dms/\Dma\) as well as \(\sin^2\theta_{13}\), which characterize the strength of CP violating effects in neutrino oscillations. We also update the degree of rejection of four-neutrino interpretations of the LSND anomaly in view of the most recent developments.
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              CP Violation and Neutrino Oscillations

              We review the basic mechanisms of neutrino mass generation and the corresponding structure of the lepton mixing matrix. We summarize the status of three-neutrino oscillation parameters as determined from current observations, using state-of-the-art solar and atmospheric neutrino fluxes, as well as latest experimental data as of September 2007. We also comment on recent attempts to account for these results and to understand flavour from first principles. We discuss extensively the prospects for probing the strength of CP violation in two near term accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments, T2K and NOvA, as well as possible extensions such as T2KK and a second large off-axis detector near the NOvA detector. We also briefly discuss the possibility of probing the effect of Majorana phases in future neutrinoless double beta decay searches and discuss other implications of leptonic CP violation such as leptogenesis. Finally we comment on the issue of robustness of the current oscillation interpretation and possible ways of probing for non-standard neutrino interactions in precision oscillation studies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                2008-08-14
                2010-02-11
                Article
                10.1088/1367-2630/10/11/113011
                0808.2016
                85d52140-94aa-4dc4-98b8-48f0834d18ca

                http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

                History
                Custom metadata
                CERN-PH-TH/2008-177
                New J.Phys.10:113011,2008
                17 pages, 7 figures. An appendix is added providing three-neutrino parameter determinations as of February 2010. We include all oscillation data, such as the first MINOS electron neutrino appearance data, the low energy threshold analysis given by the SNO Collaboration, as well as recently updated Standard Solar Models
                hep-ph astro-ph hep-ex

                General astrophysics,High energy & Particle physics
                General astrophysics, High energy & Particle physics

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