5
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Neutrophil and T-Cell Homeostasis in the Closed Eye

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Purpose

          This study sought to examine the changes and phenotype of the tear neutrophil and T-cell populations between early eyelid closure and after a full night of sleep.

          Methods

          Fourteen healthy participants were recruited and trained to wash the ocular surface with PBS for at-home self-collection of ocular surface and tear leukocytes following up to 1 hour of sleep and a full night of sleep (average 7 hours), on separate days. Cells were isolated, counted, and incubated with fluorescently labeled antibodies to identify neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells. For neutrophil analysis, samples were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or calcium ionophore (CaI) before antibody incubation. Flow cytometry was performed.

          Results

          Following up to 1 hour of sleep, numerous leukocytes were collected (2.6 × 10 5 ± 3.0 × 10 5 cells), although significantly ( P < 0.005) more accumulated with 7 hours of sleep (9.9 × 10 5 ± 1.2× 10 6 cells). Neutrophils (65%), T cells (3%), and monocytes (1%) were identified as part of the closed eye leukocyte infiltration following 7 hours of sleep. Th17 cells represented 22% of the total CD4 + population at the 7-hour time point. Neutrophil phenotype changed with increasing sleep, with a downregulation of membrane receptors CD16, CD11b, CD14, and CD15, indicating a loss in the phagocytic capability of neutrophils.

          Conclusions

          Neutrophils begin accumulating in the closed eye conjunctival sac much earlier than previously demonstrated. The closed eye tears are also populated with T cells, including a subset of Th17 cells. The closed eye environment is more inflammatory than previously thought and is relevant to understanding ocular homeostasis.

          Related collections

          Most cited references55

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Granules of the human neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Neutrophil granules and secretory vesicles in inflammation.

            The neutrophil is a major effector cell of innate immunity. Exocytosis of granules and secretory vesicles plays a pivotal role in most neutrophil functions from early activation to the destruction of phagocytosed microorganisms. Neutrophil granules contain a multitude of antimicrobial and potentially cytotoxic substances that are delivered to the phagosome or to the exterior of the cell following degranulation. This review summarises current knowledge of granule biology and highlights the effects of neutrophil degranulation in the acute inflammatory response.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Autocrine IL-17A–IL-17RC neutrophil activation in fungal infections is regulated by IL-6, IL-23, RORγt and Dectin-2

              Here we identified a population of bone marrow neutrophils that constitutively express RORγt and which can produce and respond to IL-17A (IL-17). IL-6, IL-23 and RORγt, but not T cells or NK cells, are required for IL-17 production in neutrophils. IL-6 and IL-23 induced IL-17RC and Dectin-2 expression in neutrophils, and expression of IL-17RC was augmented by Aspergillus and Dectin-2 activation. Autocrine IL-17A–IL-17 receptor activity induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased fungal killing in vitro and in a model of Aspergillus keratitis. Human neutrophils also expressed RORγt, and induced IL-17A, IL-17RC and Dectin-2 expression following IL-6 and IL-23 stimulation. These findings identify a population of human and murine neutrophils that exhibit autocrine IL-17 activity, and which likely contribute to the etiology of microbial and inflammatory diseases.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
                Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci
                iovs
                Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
                IOVS
                Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
                The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
                0146-0404
                1552-5783
                December 2017
                : 58
                : 14
                : 6212-6220
                Affiliations
                [1]School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Kelly K. Nichols, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, HPB 121, 1716 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; nicholsk@ 123456uab.edu .
                Article
                iovs-58-13-48 IOVS-17-22449
                10.1167/iovs.17-22449
                6110127
                29222551
                86100a92-bb4a-4053-92cc-e1d33031d694
                Copyright 2017 The Authors

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 June 2017
                : 2 November 2017
                Categories
                Cornea

                neutrophils,flow cytometry,t cells,closed eye,sleep
                neutrophils, flow cytometry, t cells, closed eye, sleep

                Comments

                Comment on this article