Principles of crystal growth of intermetallic and oxide compounds from
  molten solutions

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Abstract

We present a tutorial on the principles of crystal growth of intermetallic and oxide compounds from molten solutions, with an emphasis on the fundamental principles governing the underlying phase equilibria and phase diagrams of multicomponent systems.

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Experimental realization of a three-dimensional topological insulator, Bi2Te3.

Y. Chen, J G Analytis, J-H Chu … (2009)

Three-dimensional topological insulators are a new state of quantum matter with a bulk gap and odd number of relativistic Dirac fermions on the surface. By investigating the surface state of Bi2Te3 with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the surface state consists of a single nondegenerate Dirac cone. Furthermore, with appropriate hole doping, the Fermi level can be tuned to intersect only the surface states, indicating a full energy gap for the bulk states. Our results establish that Bi2Te3 is a simple model system for the three-dimensional topological insulator with a single Dirac cone on the surface. The large bulk gap of Bi2Te3 also points to promising potential for high-temperature spintronics applications.

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The Puzzle of High Temperature Superconductivity in Layered Iron Pnictides and Chalcogenides

David Johnston (2010)

The response of the worldwide scientific community to the discovery in 2008 of superconductivity at Tc = 26 K in the Fe-based compound LaFeAsO_{1-x}F_x has been very enthusiastic. In short order, other Fe-based superconductors with the same or related crystal structures were discovered with Tc up to 56 K. Many experiments were carried out and theories formulated to try to understand the basic properties of these new materials and the mechanism for Tc. In this selective critical review of the experimental literature, we distill some of this extensive body of work, and discuss relationships between different types of experiments on these materials with reference to theoretical concepts and models. The experimental normal-state properties are emphasized, and within these the electronic and magnetic properties because of the likelihood of an electronic/magnetic mechanism for superconductivity in these materials.

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Effects of Co substitution on thermodynamic and transport properties and anisotropic \(H_{c2}\) in Ba(Fe\(_{1-x}\)Co\(_x\))\(_2\)As\(_2\) single crystals

S. Hannahs, A. Kracher, S Bud'ko … (2008)

Single crystalline samples of Ba(Fe\(_{1-x}\)Co\(_x\))\(_2\)As\(_2\) with \(x < 0.12\) have been grown and characterized via microscopic, thermodynamic and transport measurements. With increasing Co substitution, the thermodynamic and transport signatures of the structural (high temperature tetragonal to low temperature orthorhombic) and magnetic (high temperature non magnetic to low temperature antiferromagnetic) transitions are suppressed at a rate of roughly 15 K per percent Co. In addition, for \(x \ge 0.038\) superconductivity is stabilized, rising to a maximum \(T_c\) of approximately 23 K for \(x \approx 0.07\) and decreasing for higher \(x\) values. The \(T - x\) phase diagram for Ba(Fe\(_{1-x}\)Co\(_x\))\(_2\)As\(_2\) indicates that either superconductivity can exist in both low temperature crystallographic phases or that there is a structural phase separation. Anisotropic, superconducting, upper critical field data (\(H_{c2}(T)\)) show a significant and clear change in anisotropy between samples that have higher temperature structural phase transitions and those that do not. These data show that the superconductivity is sensitive to the suppression of the higher temperature phase transition.