Polypharmacy, a common condition among the elderly, is associated with adverse outcomes,
including increased healthcare costs, due to higher mortality, falls and hospitalizations
rates, adverse drug reactions, drug-drug reactions and medication nonadherence. This
study aims to evaluate the prevalence and factors related to polypharmacy in older
adults across 17 European countries, plus Israel. In this cross-sectional analysis,
we used data from participants aged 65 or more years from Wave 6 of the Survey of
Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) database. Polypharmacy was defined
as the concurrent use of five or more medications. Age, gender, education, physical
inactivity, number of limitations with activities of daily living, network satisfaction,
quality of life, depression, number of chronic diseases and difficulty taking medication
variables were found to be associated with polypharmacy. Our results showed a prevalence
of polypharmacy ranging from 26.3 to 39.9%. Switzerland, Croatia and Slovenia were
the countries with the lowest prevalence, whereas Portugal, Israel and the Czech Republic
were the countries where the prevalence of polypharmacy was the highest. Age, gender,
number of limitations with activities of daily living, number of chronic diseases,
quality of life, depression, physical inactivity, network satisfaction, difficulty
in taking medications, years of education and shortage of money were significant variables
associated with polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is a highly prevalent condition in the
elderly population. Identification of variables associated with polypharmacy, such
as those identified in this study, is important to identify and monitor elderly groups,
which are most vulnerable to polypharmacy.