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      THE INCREASED FEMORAL NECK ANTEVERSION IN MEDIEVAL CEMETERY OF PECENJEVCE: AETIOLOGY AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT Translated title: ANTEVERSIÓN FEMORAL AUMENTADA EN EL CEMENTERIO MEDIEVAL DE PECENJEVCE: ETIOLOGÍA Y DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL EN EL CONTEXTO ARQUEOLÓGICO

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          Abstract

          The femoral neck anteversion (FNA) is defined as the angle between the longitudinal axis of the neck of a femur and the axis passing horizontally through femoral condyles. However, there is no data regarding this feature in archaeological populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate FNA in a medieval skeletal population from Serbia. According to the results the analysed angle ranged from 11 to 24 degrees in adults, apart from only one individual with significantly increased femoral neck anteversion of nearly 60 degrees. The discussion of the present paper is focused on the differential diagnosis of this condition and its aetiology, especially outlining diagnostic limitations when dealing with dry bones. Finally, the most probable aetiology of increased FNA in our case is the asymmetric form of cerebral palsy. Overall, the traces of various orthopaedic and neuromuscular disorders in past human populations could be revealed by systematic recording of the femoral neck anteversion during anthropological analyses.

          Translated abstract

          Anteversión femoral se define como el ángulo entre el eje cérvico-cefálico y la tangente posterior bicondílea que pasa por el plano horizontal. Dado que no hay datos sobre el diagnóstico diferencial de esta característica en las poblaciones arqueológicas, la intención de este estudio fue investigar anteversión femoral (FNA) en los esqueletos de una población medieval de Serbia. Los resultados demostraron valores de este ángulo de 11 a 24 grados en adultos, pero una persona tenía el ángulo de anteversión femoral significativamente aumentada (casi 60 grados). En la discusión hemos enfocado en el diagnóstico diferencial de alta FNA causada por diferente etiología, así como sobre las limitaciones diagnósticas en los huesos secos. La más probable etiología de aumento de FNA en nuestro caso es la forma asimétrica de parálisis cerebral. Revisión sistemática de la anteversión femoral puede demostrar las huellas de diversos trastornos ortopédicos y neuromusculares en las poblaciones humanas del pasado.

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          Lovell and Winters Pediatric Orthopaedics

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            The morphology of the femur in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

            We studied the morphometry of 35 femora from 31 female patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and another 15 from 15 age- and sex-matched control patients using CT and three-dimensional computer reconstruction models. According to the classification of Crowe et al 15 of the dysplastic hips were graded as class I (less than 50% subluxation), ten as class I/III (50% to 100% subluxation) and ten as class IV (more than 100% subluxation). The femora with DDH had 10 to 14 degrees more anteversion than the control group independent of the degree of subluxation of the hip. In even the most mildly dysplastic joints, the femur had a smaller and more anteverted canal than the normal control. With increased subluxation, additional abnormalities were observed in the size and position of the femoral head. Femora from dislocated joints had a short, anteverted neck associated with a smaller, narrower, and straighter canal than femora of classes I and II/III or the normal control group. We suggest that when total hip replacement is performed in the patient with DDH, the femoral prosthesis should be chosen on the basis of the severity of the subluxation and the degree of anteversion of each individual femur.
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              Using the life history model to set the stage(s) of growth and senescence in bioarchaeology and paleodemography.

              Paleodemography, the study of demographic parameters of past human populations, relies on assumptions including biological uniformitarianism, stationary populations, and the ability to determine point age estimates from skeletal material. These assumptions have been widely criticized in the literature and various solutions have been proposed. The majority of these solutions rely on statistical modeling, and have not seen widespread application. Most bioarchaeologists recognize that our ability to assess chronological age is inherently limited, and have instead resorted to large, qualitative, age categories. However, there has been little attempt in the literature to systematize and define the stages of development and ageing used in bioarchaeology. We propose that stages should be based in the human life history pattern, and their skeletal markers should have easily defined and clear endpoints. In addition to a standard five-stage developmental model based on the human life history pattern, current among human biologists, we suggest divisions within the adult stage that recognize the specific nature of skeletal samples. We therefore propose the following eight stages recognizable in human skeletal development and senescence: infancy, early childhood, late childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, full adulthood, mature adulthood, and senile adulthood. Striving toward a better prediction of chronological ages will remain important and could eventually help us understand to what extent past societies differed in the timing of these life stages. Furthermore, paleodemographers should try to develop methods that rely on the type of age information accessible from the skeletal material, which uses life stages, rather than point age estimates.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                chungara
                Chungará (Arica)
                Chungará (Arica)
                Universidad de Tarapacá<br>Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas<br> (Arica )
                0717-7356
                2014
                : 46
                : 2
                : 295-303
                Affiliations
                [1 ] University of Belgrade Serbia
                [2 ] Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia Serbia
                Article
                S0717-73562014000200010
                10.4067/S0717-73562014000200010
                8687d2a9-5d96-41d6-84d6-56bd01b2708b

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Chile

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0717-7356&lng=en
                Categories
                ANTHROPOLOGY

                Anthropology
                femoral neck anteversion,medieval skeletal population,cerebral palsy,orthopaedic disorders,neuromuscular disorders,anteversión femoral,población medieval,parálisis cerebral,enfermedades ortopédicas,enfermedades neuromusculares

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