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      A voice recognition-based digital cognitive screener for dementia detection in the community: Development and validation study

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          To facilitate community-based dementia screening, we developed a voice recognition-based digital cognitive screener (digital cognitive screener, DCS). This proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate the reliability, validity as well as the feasibility of the DCS among community-dwelling older adults in China.

          Methods

          Eligible participants completed demographic, clinical, and the DCS. Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia was made based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (MCI: MoCA < 23, dementia: MoCA < 14). Time and venue for test administration were recorded and reported. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were examined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to examine the discriminate validity of the DCS in detecting MCI and dementia.

          Results

          A total of 103 participants completed all investigations and were included in the analysis. Administration time of the DCS was between 5.1–7.3 min. No significant difference ( p > 0.05) in test scores or administration time was found between 2 assessment settings (polyclinic or community center). The DCS showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.73), test-retest reliability (Pearson r = 0.69, p < 0.001) and inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.84). Area under the curves (AUCs) of the DCS were 0.95 (0.90, 0.99) and 0.77 (0.67, 086) for dementia and MCI detection, respectively. At the optimal cut-off (7/8), the DCS showed excellent sensitivity (100%) and good specificity (80%) for dementia detection.

          Conclusion

          The DCS is a feasible, reliable and valid digital dementia screening tool for older adults. The applicability of the DCS in a larger-scale community-based screening stratified by age and education levels warrants further investigation.

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          Most cited references30

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          Cognitive Tests to Detect Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

          Kelvin Tsoi, Joyce Y C Chan, Hoyee Hirai … (2015)
          Dementia is a global public health problem. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a proprietary instrument for detecting dementia, but many other tests are also available.
          Article 0 comments Cited 178 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Classification and epidemiology of MCI.

            Rosebud O Roberts, David S. Knopman (2013)
            Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage in the trajectory from normal cognition to dementia. Despite controversies about the classification of MCI, recent published criteria for MCI allow better comparison of the prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of MCI. Subjects with MCI have a high rate of progression to dementia over a relatively short period. In this review, we present an overview of the classification of MCI, estimates of the incidence and prevalence of MCI, risk factors for MCI, and the outcomes following an MCI diagnosis.
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              Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

              Nicole Hill, Loren Mowszowski, Sharon L. Naismith … (2017)
              Previous meta-analyses indicate that computerized cognitive training (CCT) is a safe and efficacious intervention for cognition in older adults. However, efficacy varies across populations and cognitive domains, and little is known about the efficacy of CCT in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia.
              Article 0 comments Cited 162 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychiatry
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychiatry
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychiatry
                Title: Frontiers in Psychiatry
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-0640
                Publication date (Electronic): 22 July 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Volume: 13
                Electronic Location Identifier: 899729
                Affiliations
                [1] 1School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
                [2] 2Life Support Technologies Group, Technical University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
                [3] 3DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group , Hangzhou, China
                [4] 4Memory, Ageing, and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
                Author notes

                Edited by: Mario Masellis, University of Toronto, Canada

                Reviewed by: Celeste Annemarie De Jager Loots, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Bruno Pietro Imbimbo, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Italy

                *Correspondence: Xin Xu, xuxinsummer@ 123456zju.edu.cn

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

                This article was submitted to Digital Mental Health, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.899729
                PMC ID: 9354045
                SO-VID: 86b5f976-c5d0-477e-a3a0-11009a04498a
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Zhao, Hu, Wen, Xu, Pang, He, Zhang, Zhang, Chen, Wu and Xu.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 19 March 2022
                Date accepted : 28 June 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 10, Words: 5093
                Categories
                Subject: Psychiatry
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: digital cognitive screening,dementia,mci,moca,validity,reliability
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: digital cognitive screening, dementia, mci, moca, validity, reliability

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